Comparative adsorption studies of modified sulfonated styrene–divinylbenzene with cross-linked DVB for multiple radionuclides removal from radioactive wastewater

IF 3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI:10.1007/s13762-024-06133-2

H. Khan, M. Khan, M. I. Zafar, T. M. Alhuzaymi, J. Kang, W. Um

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Abstract

Contamination of fresh and marine water by radioactive isotopes are serious concern. Low level radioactive wastewater (LLRWW) contained long and shorthalf-lives radionuclides. Decontamination of radionuclides (¹³⁷Cs, ¹³⁴Cs, ^110mAg, ^108mAg, ¹²⁴Sb, ¹²²Sb and ⁶⁰Co) from LLRWW is proposed by synthesization of strong Cationic exchange sulfonated styrene with various (10–20%) cross-linked Divinylbenzene resins. Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy spectra between 1200 and 1000 cm⁻¹ confirmed the successful integration of SO₃⁻ groups into polymeric structure of the resins. Average sizes were confirmed with Optical microscopic investigation. Optical microscopic examination reveals the average sizes of 10% crosslinked SS-DVB and 20% crosslinked SS-DVB as a ~ 197µm (DVB = 10%) and ~ 354µm (DVB = 20%), respectively. Batch experiments were conducted to determine removal %, optimum pH, contact time and maximum uptake capacities.Both resin optimum removal was achieved in acidic condition (pH = 4). Highest removal percentage among all selected radionuclides was shown by ¹³⁷Cs.Distribution Coefficient (K_d) reveals the affinity order for 10% crosslinked SS-DVB as ¹³⁷Cs > ¹²⁴Sb > ¹³⁴Cs > ⁶⁰Co > ¹²²Sb > ^108mAg > ^110mAg and¹³⁷Cs > ¹²⁴Sb > ¹³⁴Cs > ¹²⁴Sb > ^110mAg > ⁶⁰Co > ^108mAg for 20% crosslinked SS-DVB, respectively. Maximum uptake capacities for all radionuclides were obtained by 20% crosslinked SS-DVB. Pseudo second order kinetic was found to be best fitted model with highest R² values ranging from 0.9 to 1. Highest Q_max calculated by Langmuir model was ¹³⁷Cs (120 Bq/g), followed by ^110mAg (107.67 Bq/g), ¹²⁴Sb (98 Bq/g), ¹³⁴Cs (37.33 Bq/g), ^108mAg (14.92 Bq/g), ⁶⁰Co (9.09 Bq/g) and ¹²²Sb (4.4 bq/g) for 10% crosslinked SS-DVB. While 20% crosslinked SS-DVB result showed maximum sorption capacity obtained for ¹³⁷Cs (215 Bq/g), followed by ^110mAg (107.93 Bq/g), ¹²⁴Sb (105.33 Bq/g),¹³⁴Cs (103.73 Bq/g),^108mAg (15.60 Bq/g),⁶⁰Co (10.33 Bq/g) and ¹²²Sb (7.33 Bq/g).

Graphic abstract

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交联DVB改性磺化苯二乙烯基苯对放射性废水中多种放射性核素的吸附比较研究

淡水和海水受到放射性同位素的污染是一个严重的问题。低放射性废水中含有长半衰期和短半衰期的放射性核素。用不同的（10-20%）交联二乙烯苯树脂合成强阳离子交换磺化苯乙烯，对LLRWW中的放射性核素（137Cs、134Cs、110mAg、108mAg、124Sb、122Sb和60Co）进行了净化。傅里叶变换红外光谱在1200和1000 cm−1之间证实了SO3−基团成功整合到树脂的聚合物结构中。光学显微镜检查证实了平均尺寸。光学显微镜检查显示，10%交联SS-DVB和20%交联SS-DVB的平均尺寸分别为~ 197µm （DVB = 10%）和~ 354µm （DVB = 20%）。通过批量实验确定了去除率、最佳pH、接触时间和最大吸收量。两种树脂的最佳去除率均在酸性条件下（pH = 4）达到。在所有选定的放射性核素中，137Cs的去除率最高。分布系数（Kd）显示，10%交联SS-DVB的亲和顺序分别为137Cs >； 124Sb > 134Cs > 60Co > 122Sb > 108mAg >； 110mAg和137Cs >； 124Sb > 134Cs > 124Sb > 110mAg > 60Co > 108mAg。20%交联SS-DVB获得了所有放射性核素的最大吸收能力。拟合最佳的模型为伪二级动力学模型，R2值在0.9 ~ 1之间。Langmuir模型计算的最大Qmax为137Cs (120 Bq/g)，其次为110mg （107.67 Bq/g）、124Sb （98 Bq/g）、134Cs （37.33 Bq/g）、108mg （14.92 Bq/g）、60Co （9.09 Bq/g）和122Sb （4.4 Bq/g）。20%交联SS-DVB吸附量最大的为137Cs (215 Bq/g)，其次为110mAg （107.93 Bq/g）、124Sb （105.33 Bq/g）、134Cs （103.73 Bq/g）、108mAg （15.60 Bq/g）、60Co （10.33 Bq/g）和122Sb （7.33 Bq/g）。图形抽象

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来源期刊

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

6.50%

发文量

806

审稿时长

10.8 months

期刊介绍： International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (IJEST) is an international scholarly refereed research journal which aims to promote the theory and practice of environmental science and technology, innovation, engineering and management. A broad outline of the journal''s scope includes: peer reviewed original research articles, case and technical reports, reviews and analyses papers, short communications and notes to the editor, in interdisciplinary information on the practice and status of research in environmental science and technology, both natural and man made. The main aspects of research areas include, but are not exclusive to; environmental chemistry and biology, environments pollution control and abatement technology, transport and fate of pollutants in the environment, concentrations and dispersion of wastes in air, water, and soil, point and non-point sources pollution, heavy metals and organic compounds in the environment, atmospheric pollutants and trace gases, solid and hazardous waste management; soil biodegradation and bioremediation of contaminated sites; environmental impact assessment, industrial ecology, ecological and human risk assessment; improved energy management and auditing efficiency and environmental standards and criteria.