Evaluating the efficiency and scalability of chitosan from black soldier fly in removing Congo red from wastewater

Q1 Environmental Science

Bioresource Technology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI:10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102132

Linda Hevira , Joshua O. Ighalo , Dewi Sondari , Arzqa Sabila Hanifah

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Abstract

This study investigated chitosan extracted from black soldier fly (BSF) exuviae for Congo Red (CR) removal from wastewater and assessed its cost-effectiveness and scalability. BSF chitosan was extracted through a multi-step process comprising demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The resulting chitosan underwent characterization using SEM, EDS, FT-IR, N₂ physisorption, TGA, and XRD. Optimal conditions for CR adsorption were determined to be pH 6, initial concentration of 265 mg/L and 45 min contact time. Chitosan derived from BSF demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity of 110.63 mg/g. The adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm suggesting monolayer adsorption, and pseudo-second order kinetics model. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the process was endothermic and spontaneous between 298 and 318 K. Desorption was effectively achieved using 30 % glycerol, with the chitosan maintaining efficacy for three cycles. The overall removal rate in real wastewater attained 96 %, with an adsorbent cost of 0.33 USD/g CR.

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评价黑虻壳聚糖去除废水中刚果红的效率和可扩展性

研究了从黑兵蝇（BSF）蜕皮中提取壳聚糖用于废水中刚果红（CR）去除的工艺，并对其成本效益和可扩展性进行了评价。通过脱矿、脱蛋白、脱乙酰等步骤提取壳聚糖。采用SEM、EDS、FT-IR、N2物理吸附、TGA和XRD对壳聚糖进行了表征。确定了CR吸附的最佳条件为pH为6，初始浓度为265 mg/L，接触时间为45 min。壳聚糖的最大吸附量为110.63 mg/g。吸附过程遵循Langmuir等温线，为准二级吸附动力学模型。热力学分析表明，该反应在298 ~ 318k范围内为吸热自发反应。30%的甘油可有效解吸，壳聚糖的解吸效果可维持3个循环。实际废水的总体去除率达到96%，吸附剂成本为0.33美元/g CR。

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