Genome-wide association study for protein and color content in a tetraploid wheat collection

IF 4.5 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Ilaria Marcotuli , Patricia Cabas-Lühmann , Davide Caranfa , Antonia Mores , Stefania Lucia Giove , Pasqualina Colasuonno , Sara Muciaccia , Maria Simone , Andrés R. Schwember , Agata Gadaleta
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Abstract

Grain protein content (GPC) and yellow index (YI) are the most important quality traits to measure the quality of tetraploid wheats that benefit the pasta consumers. The main objective of this study was to characterize GPC and YI using 144 different accessions of tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L., 2 n = 4x = 28; AABB genome) constituted by several subspecies and evaluated in southern Italy for 2 years (2019 and 2022) and in central Chile during 2021 in order to identify new useful superior alleles. SNPs marker, suitable for genome-wide association study (GWAS) were 3924. GWAS was carried out using the Mixed Linear Model (Q+K) which identified 22 marker-trait associations for both traits analyzed, representing 10 and 12 regions associated with grain protein content and yellow index, respectively. QTL linked to GPC were detected on chromosomes 2 A, 3 A, 5 A, and 7 A, while QTL for YI were localized on chromosomes 1B, 2B, 3 A, 4B, 6 A, 6B, 7 A, reflecting their complex genetic nature. The phenotypic variation (R2) explained, ranking from 8.1 % to 8.6 % for GPC and from 8.2 % to 11.6 % for YI content. In addition, one gene involved in nitrogen metabolism, the glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) on chromosome 2 A, and the main gene involved in the synthesis of carotenoid pigments, the phytoene synthase 1 (Psy-A1) on chromosome 7 A were identified as key candidate genes regulating these two quality traits. Finally, the identification of new haplotypes improves our understanding of the genetic mechanisms controlling protein and color traits in tetraploid wheat and facilitate the development of superior wheat varieties in the future.
四倍体小麦蛋白质和颜色含量的全基因组关联研究
籽粒蛋白质含量(GPC)和黄指数(YI)是衡量四倍体小麦品质的最重要品质性状,对面食消费者有利。本研究的主要目的是利用144个不同的四倍体小麦(Triticum turgidum L., 2 n = 4x = 28;AABB基因组)由几个亚种组成,并在意大利南部(2019年和2022年)和智利中部(2021年)进行了为期两年的评估,以确定新的有用的优越等位基因。适用于全基因组关联研究(GWAS)的snp标记有3924个。采用混合线性模型(Q+K)进行GWAS分析,共鉴定出22个与所分析性状相关的标记性状,分别代表10个和12个与籽粒蛋白质含量和黄指数相关的区域。与GPC相关的QTL定位在2 A、3 A、5 A和7 A染色体上,而与YI相关的QTL定位在1B、2B、3 A、4B、6 A、6B、7 A染色体上,反映了它们复杂的遗传性质。表型变异(R2)解释,GPC含量从8.1 %到8.6 %,YI含量从8.2 %到11.6 %。此外,2号染色体 A上参与氮代谢的谷氨酰胺合成酶2 (GS2)基因和7号染色体上参与类胡萝卜素色素合成的植物烯合成酶1 (Psy-A1)基因 A被确定为调控这两个品质性状的关键候选基因。最后,新单倍型的鉴定有助于我们对四倍体小麦蛋白质和颜色性状的遗传机制的理解,为今后培育优质小麦品种提供依据。
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来源期刊
Current Plant Biology
Current Plant Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
1.90%
发文量
32
审稿时长
50 days
期刊介绍: Current Plant Biology aims to acknowledge and encourage interdisciplinary research in fundamental plant sciences with scope to address crop improvement, biodiversity, nutrition and human health. It publishes review articles, original research papers, method papers and short articles in plant research fields, such as systems biology, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, mathematical modeling, signal transduction, plant-microbe interactions, synthetic biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, biotechnologies, bioinformatics and plant genomic resources.
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