A New Insight on El Niño Diversity: Decadal Variability in Westerly Wind Bursts

IF 2 4区地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Atmospheric Science Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI:10.1002/asl.1301

Anqi Li, Chaopeng Ji, Xianghui Fang

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Abstract

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the strongest mode of interannual climate variability, characterized by fluctuations in sea surface temperature (SST) with diverse spatial structures. Recent research has identified two main flavors of El Niño events: Eastern Pacific (EP) and Central Pacific (CP) types, each associated with different physical processes and climatic impacts. However, the causes of El Niño diversity remain widely debated, with westerly wind bursts (WWBs) recognized as a major contributing factor. This study investigates the relationship between WWBs and El Niño diversity, focusing on decadal variations in the cumulative intensity (CWI) and longitudinal center (LonCen) of WWBs. Analyses of CWI and LonCen throughout the year and in spring show that CWI exhibits significant decadal variations corresponding to changes in El Niño diversity, with stronger CWI favoring the occurrence of EP El Niño events. While LonCen exhibits a trend of shifting gradually toward the Western Pacific, which aligns with an increased frequency of CP El Niño events. These results further highlight the importance of WWBs, emphasizing not only their intensity but also their spatial pattern, in influencing El Niño evolution and diversity.

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El Niño多样性的新认识：西风爆发的年代际变化

El Niño-Southern涛动（ENSO）是年际气候变率的最强模态，其特征是海表温度（SST）波动具有不同的空间结构。最近的研究已经确定了厄尔尼诺Niño事件的两种主要类型：东太平洋（EP）和中太平洋（CP）类型，每种类型都与不同的物理过程和气候影响有关。然而，El Niño多样性的原因仍然存在广泛的争议，西风爆发（WWBs）被认为是一个主要的促成因素。本文研究了全球强流与El Niño多样性的关系，重点研究了全球强流的累积强度（CWI）和纵向中心（LonCen）的年代际变化。全年和春季CWI和LonCen分析表明，CWI表现出显著的年代际变化，对应El Niño多样性的变化，CWI较强有利于EP El Niño事件的发生。而loncene则显示出逐渐向西太平洋移动的趋势，这与CP El Niño事件的频率增加相一致。这些结果进一步强调了wbs的重要性，不仅强调了它们的强度，而且强调了它们的空间格局，在影响El Niño进化和多样性方面。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Science Letters METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Science Letters (ASL) is a wholly Open Access electronic journal. Its aim is to provide a fully peer reviewed publication route for new shorter contributions in the field of atmospheric and closely related sciences. Through its ability to publish shorter contributions more rapidly than conventional journals, ASL offers a framework that promotes new understanding and creates scientific debate - providing a platform for discussing scientific issues and techniques. We encourage the presentation of multi-disciplinary work and contributions that utilise ideas and techniques from parallel areas. We particularly welcome contributions that maximise the visualisation capabilities offered by a purely on-line journal. ASL welcomes papers in the fields of: Dynamical meteorology; Ocean-atmosphere systems; Climate change, variability and impacts; New or improved observations from instrumentation; Hydrometeorology; Numerical weather prediction; Data assimilation and ensemble forecasting; Physical processes of the atmosphere; Land surface-atmosphere systems.