A comprehensive analysis of the influence of adhesive types and layer stacking sequence on tensile and impact responses of ASA/PLA composite sandwich structures by additive manufacturing

Abstract

Composite laminates are a special class of materials that combine lightweight design and superior mechanical properties. Due to their high specific strength and rising usage rates, many industries like automotive, aerospace, defense, and marine have preferred these materials in recent years. In this article, low and high-speed deformation features of 3D-printed ASA/PLA laminates were analyzed depending on different low-cost adhesive types and stacking sequences. In addition, 3D printed laminate samples were bonded together across the entire large surface for the first time in the literature. Charpy and tensile test samples were produced with constant printing parameters as infill rate (100%), layer height (0.1 mm) and infill pattern (Line, 90°) according to ASTM D6110 and D638-Type 4 standards, respectively. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between the 3D printing stage and assembly strategies in detail specific to deformation modes. The experimental outcomes reflected that cyanoacrylate-based adhesives impacted positively the elastic modulus and yield strength values of the laminates. In addition, the polyurethane-based adhesive used ASA samples performed better impact energies owing to escalating production gaps and higher impact resistance of neat ASA. Specific absorbed energy results were impressed by adhesive types strongly and were in favor of cyanoacrylate binder for hybrid sequences.