Promising Multi-Oxide Decorated Graphene Nanomaterials from Nickel Slag for Voltammetric Sensor Electrodes

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-08095-8

Zul Arham, Muhammad Nurdin, Kurniawan Kurniawan, Ismaun Ismaun, Maulidiyah Maulidiyah, Akrajas Ali Umar, Sitti Jaria Ndora, Fika Ferlita

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Waste processing such as nickel slag into multi-application nanomaterials (NSWN) has become the latest trend in environmental chemistry for the last year. Nickel slag is rich in silica oxide (SiO₂), alumina (Al₂O₃), and magnesium oxide (MgO) which has great potential to be used as an active material in renewable energy or electrochemical sensors. In this study, we modified nickel slag and studied its effect on the reversibility of graphene electrodes in solutions containing [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻/[Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻ and lead metal (Pb²⁺) species. NSWN modification was carried out through acid leaching and thermal variations using temperatures of 400–600°C. Mixing of graphene and Multi Oxide-NSWN (MO-SNWN/Graphene) was carried out at a constant temperature of 80°C using paraffin oil as a binder. During the observation, the electrocatalytic properties of MO-NSWN were studied using cyclic voltammetry techniques. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results showed that thermal variations caused the morphology of NSWN in the form of irregular polygons to become small particles with smooth and dense surfaces. The calculation of the average particle diameter of NSWN using the Debye–Scherrer equation shows that thermal modification produces an average particle diameter of around 26–28 nm. The application of MO-NSWN as a Graphene electrode modifier shows excellent electrochemical reversibility properties in the Fe(CN)₆³⁻/Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻ solution system with an Ipa/Ipc value of ~ 1. Similar things are shown in the application of MO-SNWN/Graphene in a test solution containing lead metal ions (Pb²⁺). The presence of MO-SNWN increases the anodic and cathodic currents when the redox reaction of Pb²⁺ ions takes place. Other results illustrate that MO-SNWN/Graphene has good sensitivity and stability during the detection of Pb²⁺ ions. Overall, the results obtained in this work provide an overview of the good electrocatalytic properties of MO-NSWN. MO-NSWN can be further modified and applied as an electrode modifier material in wider applications.

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镍渣中有前途的多氧化物修饰石墨烯纳米伏安传感器电极

镍渣等废弃物处理成多用途纳米材料已成为去年环境化学研究的最新趋势。镍渣中含有丰富的氧化硅（SiO2）、氧化铝（Al2O3）和氧化镁（MgO），在可再生能源或电化学传感器中作为活性材料具有很大的潜力。在本研究中，我们对镍渣进行了改性，并研究了其在含有[Fe(CN)6]3−/[Fe(CN)6]4−和铅金属（Pb2+）的溶液中对石墨烯电极可逆性的影响。在400-600℃的温度下，通过酸浸和热变化对NSWN进行改性。以石蜡油为粘结剂，在80℃的恒温条件下，将石墨烯与多氧化物- snwn （MO-SNWN/石墨烯）进行混合。在观察过程中，采用循环伏安法研究了MO-NSWN的电催化性能。扫描电镜（SEM）结果表明，热变化导致NSWN的形貌以不规则多边形的形式变为表面光滑致密的小颗粒。利用Debye-Scherrer方程计算NSWN的平均粒径，结果表明，热改性产生的平均粒径约为26 ~ 28 nm。MO-NSWN作为石墨烯电极改性剂在Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64−溶液体系中表现出优异的电化学可逆性，其Ipa/Ipc值为~ 1。MO-SNWN/石墨烯在含铅金属离子（Pb2+）的测试溶液中的应用也显示了类似的情况。当Pb2+离子发生氧化还原反应时，MO-SNWN的存在增加了阳极和阴极电流。其他结果表明，MO-SNWN/石墨烯在检测Pb2+离子时具有良好的灵敏度和稳定性。总的来说，本工作的结果概述了MO-NSWN良好的电催化性能。MO-NSWN可以作为电极改性材料得到更广泛的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.