The internal communication paradox: Balancing digital convenience with face-to-face satisfaction

Abstract

The digital transformation in the workplace means that an increasing proportion of interactions among employees and between employees and management that historically occurred face-to-face are being conducted on-line. While this transformation may bring advantages of convenience, it may also dampen employee satisfaction with internal communication. The present study investigates how strongly digital and face-to-face interactions influence such satisfaction, and how employee attitudes towards digital technology modulate that influence. Data were collected from 104 employees at a large telecommunications company during five consecutive workdays using the diary method. Participants recorded the frequency and quality of their digital and face-to-face interactions, their levels of internal communication satisfaction, and their attitudes towards digital technology. Data were analyzed within the framework of the Media Affordances Perspective, Media Richness Theory, and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. In our sample, higher frequency of communication through individual face-to-face interaction was associated with significantly greater employee satisfaction with internal communication, whereas frequency of communication through group in-person meetings, telephone calls, emails, video calls or instant messaging did not significantly affect satisfaction. Attitudes towards digital technology did not moderate the relationship between frequency of digital or face-to-face communication and satisfaction. These findings underscore the importance of in-person interactions for employee satisfaction even as companies rely increasingly on digital communication channels. Organizations should balance the requirements of digital transformation against employee needs for face-to-face interactions to create and maintain engagement and satisfaction.