Impacts of the seasonal climates, host preference and domestic habitat environment on the abundance of ticks in a district in Tamil Nadu, South India

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101267

Krishnamoorthi Ranganathan , Govindarajan Renu , Rajamannar Veeramanoharan , Nagaraj Jaganathasamy , Philip Samuel Paulraj

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Abstract

Ticks are medically and veterinary important hematophagous ectoparasites in transmitting many vector-borne diseases to humans and animals. A study was conducted (July 2017–June 2018) in the Madurai district, Tamil Nadu South India, to observe the host preference, abundance and seasonal variations of ectoparasites. A total of 1132 ticks belonging to 15 different species under 4 genera were collected from 114 cows, 35 dogs, 90 goats, 7 cats, and 22 hens. A significant (P < 0.005) variation was observed in the mean burden [range: 1.2–31.3] among the host animals, and tick infestation rate (%) significantly differed (P < 0.001) among host animals [range: 12.9 %–36.8 %] and seasons [range: 7.1 %–38.2 %]. The tick index in cows was high from September to December, in dogs during November & December, in goats during September & December, in cats during December, and in hens during January. There was significant variation in tick collection in seasons and female ticks (P < 0.05) and no variation in the male tick collections seasonally. Lowering the temperature, and increase in rainfall, and relative humidity favoured tick abundance and host animal positivity. This study showed tick abundance is significantly influenced by the temperature, humidity, habitat preference, seasonal pattern, rainfall and host preference of a given host species in an area influenced by the total number of ticks present. Routine surveillance will help health professionals to initiate control of ticks based on host animals' seasonal dominance and may support eradicating tick-borne diseases.

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季节气候、寄主偏好和家庭栖息地环境对印度南部泰米尔纳德邦某地区蜱虫丰度的影响

蜱是医学和兽医重要的食血体外寄生虫，在传播许多媒介传播的疾病给人类和动物。2017年7月至2018年6月，在印度南部泰米尔纳德邦的马杜赖地区进行了一项研究，以观察体外寄生虫的宿主偏好、丰度和季节变化。在114头牛、35只狗、90只山羊、7只猫和22只母鸡身上共采集到蜱虫4属15种1132只。P <；0.005)，宿主动物的平均负荷[范围：1.2 ~ 31.3]差异显著，蜱虫侵染率（%）差异显著(P <；0.001)，宿主动物[范围：12.9% - 36.8%]和季节[范围：7.1% - 38.2%]。牛蜱指数在9 - 12月较高，犬蜱指数在11月较高；十二月，山羊在九月；12月，猫在12月，母鸡在1月。蜱虫的季节和雌蜱的采集有显著差异(P <；0.05)，雄蜱收集量无季节变化。降低温度、增加降雨量和相对湿度有利于蜱虫的数量和宿主动物的阳性。研究表明，在蜱总数量影响的区域内，蜱的丰度受温度、湿度、生境偏好、季节格局、降雨量和宿主偏好的显著影响。常规监测将帮助卫生专业人员根据宿主动物的季节性优势开始控制蜱虫，并可能支持根除蜱传疾病。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).