Saturated fat and cholesterol in Atlantic salmon (Salmo Salar L.) feeds are important for fish performance, fillet quality and colour

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742642

Nini H. Sissener , Grethe Rosenlund , Thomas Larsson , Øystein Sæle , Bente Ruyter , Antony Jesu Prabhu Philip , Ingunn Stubhaug

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Reduced marine ingredients in feeds for farmed Atlantic salmon has resulted in reduced saturated fatty acids (SFA) and cholesterol (CHOL) in the feed. The consequences of this were investigated in a feeding trial with five different levels of SFA, ranging from 10 to 28 % of total fatty acids (TFA) in the feed. With a low fish meal and fish oil content, all these diets had a low basal level of CHOL (<500 mg/kg). Furthermore, the 10 % SFA and the 25 % SFA diets were also made with added CHOL (>2100 mg/kg), giving a factorial design with high/low SFA and high/low CHOL, in addition to the regression design with SFA. The results showed the biggest impact by low SFA levels, such as reduced growth coupled with increased feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR), possibly related to energy spent on endogenous production of SFA. A similar tendency on growth and FCR was also seen for CHOL, but less pronounced. Low SFA (10 % of TFA) also had a negative impact on fillet quality, resulting in increased liquid loss after freezing and thawing. Low SFA (10 % of TFA) and low CHOL (<500 mg/kg) in combination reduced muscle firmness, while both also had a negative impact on fillet colour and astaxanthin content. While neither SFA nor cholesterol are essential nutrients for salmon, as these can be produced endogenously, the current results show that levels should not be as low as 10 % SFA of TFA or < 500 mg/kg CHOL, which would compromise fish performance and fillet quality.

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大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo Salar L.）饲料中的饱和脂肪和胆固醇对鱼的生产性能、鱼片质量和颜色都很重要

养殖大西洋鲑鱼饲料中海洋成分的减少导致饲料中饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和胆固醇（CHOL）的减少。在饲料中添加五种不同水平的SFA（占总脂肪酸的10%至28%）的试验中，研究了这种情况的后果。在鱼粉和鱼油含量较低的情况下，各组饲料的CHOL基础水平均较低（500 mg/kg）。此外，10% SFA和25% SFA饲粮还添加了CHOL (2100 mg/kg)，除了SFA回归设计外，还进行了高/低SFA和高/低CHOL的析因设计。结果表明，低SFA水平的影响最大，如降低生长，增加采食量和饲料系数（FCR），可能与内源SFA生产的能量消耗有关。CHOL在生长和FCR方面也有类似的趋势，但不那么明显。低SFA （TFA的10%）也对鱼片质量有负面影响，导致冷冻和解冻后液体损失增加。低SFA （TFA的10%）和低CHOL （<500 mg/kg）组合降低了肌肉紧实度，同时对鱼片颜色和虾青素含量也有负面影响。虽然SFA和胆固醇都不是鲑鱼的必需营养素，因为它们可以内源性产生，但目前的研究结果表明，SFA和TFA的含量不应低至10%或10%；500 mg/kg的CHOL，会影响鱼的生产性能和鱼片质量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.