Initial clinical presentations and morphological characteristics of cerebral AVM in a tertiary health center – Does gender matter?

IF 2 Q1 Medicine

World Neurosurgery: X Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI:10.1016/j.wnsx.2025.100475

Jovian Philip Swatan , Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah , Achmad Firdaus Sani , Dedy Kurniawan , Shakir Husain

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Abstract

Purpose

Comparative studies on the initial clinical presentation and morphological characteristics of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) between genders are limited. This study aims to analyze the influence of gender on these aspects.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively analyzed our 8-year cerebral AVM database, covering the period from January 2016 to December 2023. The study included all patients diagnosed with cerebral AVM, who had no other vascular abnormalities and underwent a 3-dimensional cerebral digital subtraction angiography evaluation. We used bivariate analysis to compare the initial clinical presentations and morphological characteristics of cerebral AVM between genders.

Results

The study included a total of 92 patients, comprising 53 males and 39 females. Male patients were more likely to present with seizures (p = 0.035, OR 2.52, 95 % CI 1.06–6.00), but less likely to present with headaches (p = 0.008, OR 0.32, 95 % CI 0.13–0.76). In terms of morphology, being male was significantly associated with a larger mean cerebral AVM size (p < 0.001), cerebral AVMs located in eloquent areas (p = 0.039; OR 2.81, 95 % CI 1.03–7.70), and a higher mean Spetzler-Martin grade (p = 0.015).

Conclusion

This study highlights the influence of gender on the initial clinical presentation and morphological characteristics of cerebral AVM.

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三级卫生中心脑动静脉畸形的初步临床表现和形态学特征——性别重要吗？

目的对脑动静脉畸形（AVM）的初始临床表现和形态学特征进行性别间比较研究有限。本研究旨在分析性别对这些方面的影响。材料与方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2023年12月8年脑AVM数据库。该研究包括所有被诊断为脑AVM的患者，他们没有其他血管异常，并接受了三维脑数字减影血管造影评估。我们采用双变量分析比较不同性别脑动静脉畸形的初始临床表现和形态学特征。结果共纳入92例患者，其中男性53例，女性39例。男性患者更容易出现癫痫发作（p = 0.035, OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.06-6.00），但较少出现头痛（p = 0.008, OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13-0.76）。在形态学方面，男性与较大的平均脑动静脉畸形大小显著相关(p <；0.001)，脑动静脉位于雄辩区(p = 0.039；OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.03-7.70)，平均Spetzler-Martin分级较高（p = 0.015）。结论本研究强调了性别对脑动静脉畸形初始临床表现和形态学特征的影响。

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