Early Brain Tumour Cell Detection With High-Sensitivity Terahertz Sensors Based on Photonic Crystal Fibre

Abstract

Early detection of brain tumours is crucial for timely treatment, improving survival rates, and preventing severe neurological complications. When successful procedures for early identification are applied to brain tumours, it might preserve people. The article illustrates an original biological device for finding the first signs of brain tumour cells based on photonic crystal fibre (PCF) equipment performing within the terahertz (THz) band. The suggested scanner is a helpful instrument in tumour tissue diagnosis due to its extremely sensitive nature along with minimal transmission degradation. The photonic crystal fibre's distinctive arrangement, utilised by the terahertz frequency spectrum, permits accurate classification of healthy and tumour parts according to the differences in electromagnetic features. Typical tissue in the brain contain damage, tumours, as well as cells that are cancerous. When juxtaposed with previous PCF-based biological indicators, the device that is recommended has excellent comparative response with minimal expenses. The sensing device has a relative sensitivity of 99.26%, an effective area of 4.77 × 10⁻⁸ m², a minimal confinement loss of 9.55 × 10⁻⁶ cm⁻¹, and a low effective material loss of 0.00219 cm⁻¹. The findings of this investigation indicate a big step forward for biological observing equipment, providing a hopeful approach to prompt identification of brain tumours for possible commercial diagnostic possibilities.