Contrasting Effects of Warming and Nitrogen Addition on soil CO2 Emission in a Semi-Arid Grassland on the Loess Plateau of China

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI:10.1007/s11270-025-08075-y

Mingfeng Jiang, Zhun Tian, Rui Wang, Zihan Sun, Yang Peng, Chao Fang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The responses of soil CO₂ emission to global changes are crucial for predicting the future terrestrial carbon cycle. However, the effects of warming and nitrogen addition on soil CO₂ emissions during different seasons still remains unclear. A field manipulative experiment was conducted from November 2016 to October 2017 in a semi-arid grassland on the Loess Plateau of China to study the seasonal responses of cumulative soil CO₂ emission to temperature increase and nitrogen addition. Open-top chambers were used to elevate temperature and N was added as NH₄NO₃ at a rate of 4.42 g N m⁻² yr⁻¹.The results showed that warming significantly decreased the cumulative soil CO₂ emission and soil microbial metabolic rate by 14.7% and 17.6% in the growing season, respectively, but increased both of them by 19.5% and 40.3% in the non-growing season. Nitrogen addition did not change the cumulative soil CO₂ emission but decreased the soil microbial metabolic rate by 11.6% in the growing season, whereas significantly decreased the cumulative soil CO₂ emission and soil microbial metabolic rate by 20.3% and 21.2% in the non-growing season. Warming significantly decreased soil pH by 1% and water content by 2.5% and 29.8% and increased inorganic nitrogen by 291.6%; while nitrogen addition significantly decreased soil pH and increased inorganic nitrogen by 183.3%. The correlation analysis showed that the decreases in soil moisture (r = 0.636, p < 0.01) and pH (r = 0.746, p < 0.01) played a major regulatory role in regulating the cumulative soil CO₂ emission during the growing season, while microbial metabolic rate (r = 0.944, p < 0.01) played a dominant role during the non-growing season. These results implied that there is an urgent need to incorporate soil moisture and pH in the growing season and microbial metabolic rate in the non-growing seasons in regulating soil CO₂ emission into terrestrial ecosystem process models for more accurately predicting the carbon cycle under future global changes.

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增温与氮素添加对黄土高原半干旱草地土壤CO2排放的影响对比

土壤CO2排放对全球变化的响应是预测未来陆地碳循环的关键。然而，增温和氮素添加对不同季节土壤CO2排放的影响尚不清楚。2016年11月至2017年10月，在黄土高原半干旱草地进行了土壤累积CO2排放对温度升高和氮素添加的季节响应研究。采用开顶箱升温，以NH4NO3的形式加入N，速率为4.42 g N m−2 yr−1。结果表明：增温使土壤累积CO2排放量和微生物代谢率在生长季分别显著降低14.7%和17.6%，而在非生长季则分别显著提高19.5%和40.3%。氮肥添加对土壤累积CO2排放没有影响，但在生长季使土壤微生物代谢率降低了11.6%，而在非生长季则使土壤累积CO2排放和微生物代谢率分别显著降低了20.3%和21.2%。升温显著降低土壤pH值1%、含水量2.5%和29.8%，增加无机氮291.6%；施氮显著降低土壤pH值，增加无机氮含量达183.3%。相关性分析表明，土壤水分（r = 0.636, p < 0.01）和pH （r = 0.746, p < 0.01）的减少对生长季土壤累积CO2排放起主要调节作用，而微生物代谢率（r = 0.944, p < 0.01）在非生长季起主导作用。这些结果表明，迫切需要将生长季土壤水分和pH值以及非生长季调节土壤CO2排放的微生物代谢率纳入陆地生态系统过程模型，以便更准确地预测未来全球变化下的碳循环。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.