Durability and degradation mechanisms of dredged clays stabilized with ternary geopolymer under cyclic drying-wetting environments

IF 3.7 2区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1007/s10064-025-04298-9

Jianhua Wang, Yongfeng Deng, Cong Mou, Jianwen Ding, Junjun Ni, Xing Wan

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Abstract

Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effects of cyclic drying-wetting environments on the durability of dredged clay (DC) stabilized with ternary geopolymer based on fly ash (FA), ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and desulfurization gypsum (DG). Furthermore, microscopic tests were performed to investigate the degradation mechanisms of the geopolymer-stabilized DC samples. The results showed that mass loss of all stabilized samples remained below 10%. The water content during drying-wetting cycles remained moderate, with the 12% DG samples exhibiting lower values for both the upper and lower water contents. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the stabilized samples reached 1.6 MPa after 28 days of curing for the 8% DG samples. As the drying-wetting cycles progressed, the UCS initially increased but then decreased to 1.3 MPa after the 10th cycle, accompanied by the development of macro cracks. Microscopic tests revealed that gel-provided cementation and ettringite-induced filling were responsible for the strength improvement of the stabilized samples. The gel products generated by further polymerization and hydration contributed to the strength enhancement at the early stage of drying-wetting cycles. However, the partial destruction of cementation microstructure and decomposition of ettringite deteriorated the strength of stabilized samples with drying-wetting cycles. In conclusion, DC stabilized with the ternary geopolymer exhibited high strength and excellent durability under drying-wetting cycles. This stabilization method promotes the low-carbon utilization of substantial amounts of DC, highlighting its potential as embankment fill material while promoting environmental friendliness and sustainability amid rapid urbanization.

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干湿循环条件下三元地聚合物稳定泥土的耐久性及降解机理

通过室内试验，研究了循环干湿环境对粉煤灰（FA）、矿渣粉（GGBS）和脱硫石膏（DG）三元地聚合物稳定挖泥粘土（DC）耐久性的影响。此外，通过显微实验研究了地聚合物稳定DC样品的降解机理。结果表明，所有稳定样品的质量损失均保持在10%以下。干湿循环期间的含水量保持适度，12% DG样品的高、低含水量均较低。8% DG固化28天后，稳定试样的无侧限抗压强度（UCS）达到1.6 MPa。随着干湿循环的进行，UCS先增大后减小至1.3 MPa，并伴随着宏观裂缝的发展。微观试验表明，凝胶提供胶结和钙矾石诱导充填是稳定样品强度提高的原因。进一步聚合和水化产生的凝胶产物有助于在干湿循环的早期增强强度。然而，胶结微观结构的部分破坏和钙矾石的分解使干湿循环稳定试样的强度下降。综上所述，三元地聚合物稳定的DC在干湿循环下具有较高的强度和优异的耐久性。这种稳定方法促进了大量直流材料的低碳利用，突出了其作为路堤填筑材料的潜力，同时在快速城市化中促进了环境友好性和可持续性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 工程技术-地球科学综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

11.90%

发文量

445

审稿时长

4.1 months

期刊介绍： Engineering geology is defined in the statutes of the IAEG as the science devoted to the investigation, study and solution of engineering and environmental problems which may arise as the result of the interaction between geology and the works or activities of man, as well as of the prediction of and development of measures for the prevention or remediation of geological hazards. Engineering geology embraces: • the applications/implications of the geomorphology, structural geology, and hydrogeological conditions of geological formations; • the characterisation of the mineralogical, physico-geomechanical, chemical and hydraulic properties of all earth materials involved in construction, resource recovery and environmental change; • the assessment of the mechanical and hydrological behaviour of soil and rock masses; • the prediction of changes to the above properties with time; • the determination of the parameters to be considered in the stability analysis of engineering works and earth masses.