Exploring the relationship between daily intake and urinary excretion of the mycotoxins T-2 and HT-2 toxin in humans

IF 3.9 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2025.115491

Hannah P. McKeon , Rudolf Hoogenveen , Marta M. Sopel , Marloes A.A. Schepens , Marcel J.B. Mengelers , Annick D. van den Brand , Judith A. de Heer , Anne Lise Brantsæter , Maria Kalyva , Trine Husøy

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Abstract

T-2 toxin (T-2) and HT-2 toxin (HT-2) are mycotoxins that can contaminate food, especially cereals. Exposure to T-2 and HT-2 has mainly been estimated using dietary exposure assessment, however, human biomonitoring presents another valuable approach.

The relationship between daily intake and urinary excretion of T-2 and HT-2 over time in 40 Norwegian adults was modelled. T-2, HT-2 and T-2 triol were analysed in 24-h urine samples using LC-MS/MS. Dietary exposure of T-2 and HT-2 was calculated using 24-h weighed dietary records and concentration data in food derived from measured concentrations in raw food commodities. A statistical model was developed and fit to estimate the excreted fraction (f_{abs_excr}) and residence time parameters.

Without deconjugation prior to analysis, T-2, HT-2 or T-2 triol were not detected in the urine of the 40 adults. Applying a deconjugation step, total HT-2 (HT-2 and its glucuronides) was detected in almost all samples. Using the statistical model, the mean f_{abs_excr} was estimated to be 0.184, equivalent to 18.4 %. The estimated time in which 97.5 % of the ingested T-2 and HT-2 was excreted as total HT-2 was 14.3 h, and the elimination half-life was 4.0 h.

This study highlights the challenges involved in modelling the relationship between daily intake and urinary excretion of T-2 and HT-2 over time in humans. The findings indicate that approximately 20 % of the external exposure can be traced back in the urine within 24 h. However, additional research is required to support and strengthen these findings.

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探索人类每日摄入真菌毒素T-2和HT-2毒素与尿排泄的关系

T-2毒素（T-2）和HT-2毒素（HT-2）是真菌毒素，可污染食物，特别是谷物。对T-2和HT-2的暴露主要是通过饮食暴露评估来估计的，然而，人类生物监测提出了另一种有价值的方法。对40名挪威成年人的每日摄入和尿中T-2和HT-2之间的关系进行了建模。采用LC-MS/MS分析24 h尿样中的T-2、HT-2和T-2三醇。饮食中T-2和HT-2的暴露是通过24小时称重饮食记录和食物中的浓度数据来计算的，这些数据来自于原料食品中测量的浓度。建立并拟合了一个统计模型来估计排泄分数（fabs_excr）和停留时间参数。在分析前未解药的情况下，40例成人尿液中未检测到T-2、HT-2或T-2三醇。应用解偶联步骤，在几乎所有样品中检测到总HT-2 （HT-2及其葡萄糖醛酸盐）。利用统计模型，估计平均fabs_excr为0.184，相当于18.4%。估计摄入的T-2和HT-2的97.5%作为总HT-2排出体外的时间为14.3小时，消除半衰期为4.0小时。这项研究强调了在人体中建立每日摄入和尿中排泄T-2和HT-2之间关系的建模所面临的挑战。研究结果表明，大约20%的外部暴露可追溯到24小时内的尿液。然而，需要进一步的研究来支持和加强这些发现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Food and Chemical Toxicology 工程技术-毒理学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

4.70%

发文量

651

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Food and Chemical Toxicology (FCT), an internationally renowned journal, that publishes original research articles and reviews on toxic effects, in animals and humans, of natural or synthetic chemicals occurring in the human environment with particular emphasis on food, drugs, and chemicals, including agricultural and industrial safety, and consumer product safety. Areas such as safety evaluation of novel foods and ingredients, biotechnologically-derived products, and nanomaterials are included in the scope of the journal. FCT also encourages submission of papers on inter-relationships between nutrition and toxicology and on in vitro techniques, particularly those fostering the 3 Rs. The principal aim of the journal is to publish high impact, scholarly work and to serve as a multidisciplinary forum for research in toxicology. Papers submitted will be judged on the basis of scientific originality and contribution to the field, quality and subject matter. Studies should address at least one of the following: -Adverse physiological/biochemical, or pathological changes induced by specific defined substances -New techniques for assessing potential toxicity, including molecular biology -Mechanisms underlying toxic phenomena -Toxicological examinations of specific chemicals or consumer products, both those showing adverse effects and those demonstrating safety, that meet current standards of scientific acceptability. Authors must clearly and briefly identify what novel toxic effect (s) or toxic mechanism (s) of the chemical are being reported and what their significance is in the abstract. Furthermore, sufficient doses should be included in order to provide information on NOAEL/LOAEL values.