Seasonal and structural variability of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Heliotropium sarmentosum (Lam.) Craven

IF 2 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI:10.1016/j.bse.2025.105032

Chun-Lung Feng , Cheng-Kuo Chen , Po-Cheng Wei , Ya-Chen Yang

{"title":"Seasonal and structural variability of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Heliotropium sarmentosum (Lam.) Craven","authors":"Chun-Lung Feng , Cheng-Kuo Chen , Po-Cheng Wei , Ya-Chen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.bse.2025.105032","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Heliotropium sarmentosum</em> (Lam.) Craven (<em>Tournefortia sarmentosa</em> Lam.), distributed across Southeast Asia and Australia, has been traditionally used as an herbal medicine. Although studies have reported its detoxicant, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, research on its toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) remains limited. This study analyzes PA content in <em>H. sarmentosum</em> across seasons, plant organs and growth stages. A total of eighteen PAs were identified and quantified, with sixteen reported for the first time in this species. 9-Angeloylretronecine was identified as the predominant PA compound by <sup>1</sup>H NMR analysis. The total content of 1,2-unsaturated PAs ranged from 13.4 to 57.9 μg/g dried weight in whole plant samples, varying significantly by season, organ, and plant age. Across all seasons, roots consistently exhibited high PA level (160.5–251.5 μg/g), while leaves maintained low level (0–9.9 μg/g). Notably, PA levels in fruits increased from autumn to winter, peaking at 186.3 μg/g, surpassing even root concentrations (160.5 μg/g) in the same season. The organ-specific variation in PA composition suggests that <em>H. sarmentosum</em> may employ dynamic accumulation strategies to defend different organs against herbivores and insects. This study enhances our understanding of PA composition and seasonal variation in <em>H. sarmentosum</em>, providing critical insights for its medicinal use and toxicity assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8799,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","volume":"122 ","pages":"Article 105032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030519782500081X","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Heliotropium sarmentosum (Lam.) Craven (Tournefortia sarmentosa Lam.), distributed across Southeast Asia and Australia, has been traditionally used as an herbal medicine. Although studies have reported its detoxicant, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, research on its toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) remains limited. This study analyzes PA content in H. sarmentosum across seasons, plant organs and growth stages. A total of eighteen PAs were identified and quantified, with sixteen reported for the first time in this species. 9-Angeloylretronecine was identified as the predominant PA compound by ¹H NMR analysis. The total content of 1,2-unsaturated PAs ranged from 13.4 to 57.9 μg/g dried weight in whole plant samples, varying significantly by season, organ, and plant age. Across all seasons, roots consistently exhibited high PA level (160.5–251.5 μg/g), while leaves maintained low level (0–9.9 μg/g). Notably, PA levels in fruits increased from autumn to winter, peaking at 186.3 μg/g, surpassing even root concentrations (160.5 μg/g) in the same season. The organ-specific variation in PA composition suggests that H. sarmentosum may employ dynamic accumulation strategies to defend different organs against herbivores and insects. This study enhances our understanding of PA composition and seasonal variation in H. sarmentosum, providing critical insights for its medicinal use and toxicity assessment.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

海葵中吡咯利西啶类生物碱的季节和结构变异克雷文

太阳栉水母（Lam.）Craven (Tournefortia sarmentosa Lam.)，分布在东南亚和澳大利亚，传统上被用作草药。虽然研究报道了其解毒、抗氧化和抗炎特性，但对其毒性吡咯利西啶生物碱（PAs）的研究仍然有限。本研究分析了不同季节、不同器官和不同生长阶段沙门草中PA的含量。共鉴定和量化了18种PAs，其中16种为首次报道。经1H NMR鉴定，9- angeloylretroonecine为主要的PA化合物。全株样品中1.2 -不饱和PAs的总含量在13.4 ~ 57.9 μg/g干重之间，随季节、器官和株龄变化显著。在各个季节，根系的PA含量均保持在较高水平（160.5 ~ 251.5 μg/g），而叶片的PA含量则保持在较低水平（0 ~ 9.9 μg/g）。果实中PA含量从秋到冬呈上升趋势，最高达186.3 μg/g，甚至超过了同季节根系浓度（160.5 μg/g）。PA组成的器官特异性差异表明，沙蚤可能采用动态积累策略来保护不同器官免受食草动物和昆虫的侵害。本研究提高了我们对沙门草中PA组成和季节变化的认识，为其药用和毒性评估提供了重要的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 生物-进化生物学

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

147

审稿时长

43 days

期刊介绍： Biochemical Systematics and Ecology is devoted to the publication of original papers and reviews, both submitted and invited, in two subject areas: I) the application of biochemistry to problems relating to systematic biology of organisms (biochemical systematics); II) the role of biochemistry in interactions between organisms or between an organism and its environment (biochemical ecology). In the Biochemical Systematics subject area, comparative studies of the distribution of (secondary) metabolites within a wider taxon (e.g. genus or family) are welcome. Comparative studies, encompassing multiple accessions of each of the taxa within their distribution are particularly encouraged. Welcome are also studies combining classical chemosystematic studies (such as comparative HPLC-MS or GC-MS investigations) with (macro-) molecular phylogenetic studies. Studies that involve the comparative use of compounds to help differentiate among species such as adulterants or substitutes that illustrate the applied use of chemosystematics are welcome. In contrast, studies solely employing macromolecular phylogenetic techniques (gene sequences, RAPD studies etc.) will be considered out of scope. Discouraged are manuscripts that report known or new compounds from a single source taxon without addressing a systematic hypothesis. Also considered out of scope are studies using outdated and hard to reproduce macromolecular techniques such as RAPDs in combination with standard chemosystematic techniques such as GC-FID and GC-MS.