Substantial spillover burden of rat hepatitis E virus in humans

IF 14.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Nature Communications Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI:10.1038/s41467-025-59345-6

Zihao Chen, Lifeng Wang, Yongde Zhang, Guanghui Li, Jiaxiang Yin, Jingyan Fan, Tianxu Liu, Han Wu, Yue Huang, Wenhui Huang, Donglin Liu, Xiaoxiang Zheng, Xia Zang, Xingcheng Huang, Liuwei Song, Shunhua Wen, Jiayu Li, Dong Ying, Mujin Fang, Yingbin Wang, Ting Wu, Siddharth Sridhar, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia, Lin Wang, Yihan Lu, Zizheng Zheng

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Abstract

The emergence of Rocahepevirus ratti genotype 1 (rat hepatitis E virus; rat HEV) in humans presents an unprecedented threat; however, the risk of rat HEV transmission to humans is not well understood. Here, we report the “Distinguishing Antibody Response Elicitation (DARE)” method, which distinguishes exposure to rat HEV. We use four study sets from China for large-scale population analysis: set 1 (hospital visit) and set 3 (ALT abnormality) from Yunnan province, a biodiversity hotspot, and set 2 (received physical examination) and set 4 (ALT abnormality) from Jiangsu province, a non-hotspot control region. rat HEV exposure risk is significantly higher in Yunnan, with 21.97% (190 of 865) in set 1 and 13.97% (70 of 501) in set 3, compared to 0.75% (9 of 1196) in Jiangsu’s set 2. Six spillover infections for rat HEV are identified in set 1, with one case of abnormal ALT. The rat-1d strains carried by rats are closely related to those human infections. Our study reveals the substantial spillover burden posed by rat HEV in biodiversity hotspots and highlights the utility of DARE method for proactive surveillance of public health emergencies.

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人类戊型肝炎大鼠病毒的大量外溢负担

鼠型罗卡疱疹病毒基因1型（大鼠戊肝病毒）的出现人类中的大鼠HEV构成前所未有的威胁；然而，大鼠HEV传播给人类的风险尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告了“区分抗体反应激发（DARE）”方法，该方法可以区分暴露于大鼠HEV。我们使用来自中国的四个研究集进行大尺度人群分析：集1（医院就诊）和集3 （ALT异常）来自生物多样性热点地区云南省，集2（接受体检）和集4 （ALT异常）来自非热点控制区江苏省。云南的大鼠HEV暴露风险显著较高，第1组为21.97%(865 / 190)，第3组为13.97%(501 / 70)，而江苏第2组为0.75%（1196 / 9）。第1组共发现6例大鼠HEV外溢感染，1例ALT异常，大鼠携带的大鼠-1d毒株与人类感染密切相关。我们的研究揭示了大鼠HEV在生物多样性热点地区造成的巨大溢出负担，并强调了DARE方法在突发公共卫生事件主动监测中的实用性。

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来源期刊

Nature Communications Biological Science Disciplines-

CiteScore

24.90

自引率

2.40%

发文量

6928

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： Nature Communications, an open-access journal, publishes high-quality research spanning all areas of the natural sciences. Papers featured in the journal showcase significant advances relevant to specialists in each respective field. With a 2-year impact factor of 16.6 (2022) and a median time of 8 days from submission to the first editorial decision, Nature Communications is committed to rapid dissemination of research findings. As a multidisciplinary journal, it welcomes contributions from biological, health, physical, chemical, Earth, social, mathematical, applied, and engineering sciences, aiming to highlight important breakthroughs within each domain.