Nanoplastics drive toxicity under co-exposure with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in human intestinal cells

IF 15 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Andi Alijagic, Eva Särndahl, Oleksandr Kotlyar, Patrik Karlsson, Daniel Duberg, Nikolai Scherbak, Annalisa Pinsino, Magnus Engwall, Tuulia Hyötyläinen
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Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and nanoplastics frequently co-occur in environmental matrices, yet the effects of co-exposure on cellular responses upon ingestion are poorly understood. Here, we exposed human intestinal Caco-2 cells to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, nanoplastics, and their combination. Cell painting-based phenomics was used to map phenotypic alterations across subcellular structures, and untargeted metabolomics using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed to assess metabolic changes. Results show that perfluorooctanesulfonic acid predominantly affected the actin cytoskeleton, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane, while nanoplastics primarily targeted mitochondria. Combined exposure disrupted the endoplasmic reticulum, RNA, and mitochondria. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid reduced levels of carnitines, free fatty acids, nucleotides, and sugars, whereas nanoplastics inhibited ceramides, triglycerides, sphingomyelins, and additional free fatty acids. Combined exposure produced a metabolic profile resembling that of nanoplastics, with specific differences attributed to perfluorooctanesulfonic acid. Overall, nanoplastics appear as the main drivers of the co-exposure effects.

Abstract Image

纳米塑料在人体肠细胞中与全氟辛烷磺酸共暴露时驱动毒性
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质与纳米塑料经常同时出现在环境基质中,但共同暴露对摄入后细胞反应的影响尚不清楚。在这里,我们将人类肠道Caco-2细胞暴露于全氟辛烷磺酸、纳米塑料及其混合物中。基于细胞绘画的表型组学用于绘制亚细胞结构的表型改变,而非靶向代谢组学使用超高效液相色谱和四极杆飞行时间质谱联用来评估代谢变化。结果表明,全氟辛烷磺酸主要影响肌动蛋白细胞骨架、高尔基体和质膜,而纳米塑料主要影响线粒体。联合暴露破坏了内质网、RNA和线粒体。全氟辛烷磺酸降低了肉碱、游离脂肪酸、核苷酸和糖的水平,而纳米塑料则抑制了神经酰胺、甘油三酯、鞘磷脂和其他游离脂肪酸的水平。综合暴露产生的代谢谱与纳米塑料相似,具体差异归因于全氟辛烷磺酸。总的来说,纳米塑料似乎是共暴露效应的主要驱动因素。
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来源期刊
Environmental Chemistry Letters
Environmental Chemistry Letters 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
32.00
自引率
7.00%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Chemistry Letters explores the intersections of geology, chemistry, physics, and biology. Published articles are of paramount importance to the examination of both natural and engineered environments. The journal features original and review articles of exceptional significance, encompassing topics such as the characterization of natural and impacted environments, the behavior, prevention, treatment, and control of mineral, organic, and radioactive pollutants. It also delves into interfacial studies involving diverse media like soil, sediment, water, air, organisms, and food. Additionally, the journal covers green chemistry, environmentally friendly synthetic pathways, alternative fuels, ecotoxicology, risk assessment, environmental processes and modeling, environmental technologies, remediation and control, and environmental analytical chemistry using biomolecular tools and tracers.
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