An Emulation Model Combining Caries and Periodontitis Risk Assessment With Student Performance Report: An Exploratory Project

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
David Johnsen, Aditi Jain, Carlos Garaicoa-Pazmino, Justine Kolker, Megumi Williamson, Wei Shi
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Abstract

Objectives

Patient risk assessments for caries and periodontitis are hourly activities for dentists. The present study tested a caries and periodontitis risk assessment format based on managing the person using a critical thinking emulation model including levels of patient capacity and disease management. Additionally, we explored factors in student analysis contributing to the designation of higher/lower-risk determinants for caries and periodontitis.

Material and Methods

Third-year dental students assessed patient risk for recurring disease in periodontics and cariology exercises. The risk assessment thought process becomes the learning outcome, learning guide, and assessment instrument. Students demonstrated the risk assessment analysis with a patient using PowerPoint presentations.

Results

Students applied over 95% of procedural steps (e.g., exam, history) with a range of judgmental steps (65%–100%) in risk level, interprofessional practice, disease progression, compliance, among others. Designation of higher and lower-risk determinants for periodontitis risk assessment (n = 38), students identified differences in patient risk based on whether the patient had diabetes or smoked (p = 0.013 to < 0.001). For caries risk assessment (n = 40), students identified differences between lower- and higher-risk patients for patient compliance (p = 0.001), behavior control (p = 0.006), diet control (p < 0.001), and prognosis (p = 0.005).

Conclusions

The combined learning guide warrants further exploration in guiding dental students' risk analysis for periodontitis and caries by emulating the thinking process of a master clinician. Future work includes probing analysis with binary conclusions, interventions for high-risk people with recurring disease, and the association of treatment and health.

Abstract Image

结合龋齿和牙周炎风险评估与学生成绩报告的仿真模型:一个探索性项目
目的牙医每小时都要对龋齿和牙周炎患者进行风险评估。本研究测试了一种龋齿和牙周炎风险评估格式,该格式基于使用包括患者能力和疾病管理水平在内的批判性思维模拟模型来管理患者。此外,我们在学生分析中探讨了有助于指定龋齿和牙周炎的高/低风险决定因素的因素。材料和方法牙科三年级学生在牙周病和龋齿学练习中评估患者复发疾病的风险。风险评估思维过程成为学习成果、学习指南和评估工具。学生们用PowerPoint演示了风险评估分析。结果学生采用了95%以上的程序性步骤(如检查、病史),并在风险水平、跨专业实践、疾病进展、依从性等方面采用了一系列判断步骤(65%-100%)。指定牙周炎风险评估的高风险和低风险决定因素(n = 38),学生根据患者是否患有糖尿病或吸烟确定患者风险的差异(p = 0.013至<; 0.001)。对于龋齿风险评估(n = 40),学生确定了低风险和高风险患者在患者依从性(p = 0.001)、行为控制(p = 0.006)、饮食控制(p < 0.001)和预后(p = 0.005)方面的差异。结论联合学习指南在引导牙科学生模仿临床硕士医师的思维过程进行牙周炎和龋病风险分析方面值得进一步探索。未来的工作包括探索性的二元结论分析,对复发性疾病高危人群的干预,以及治疗与健康的关系。
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来源期刊
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
5.60%
发文量
165
审稿时长
26 weeks
期刊介绍: Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.
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