Investigation on nitrate induced histological alterations in vas deferens of rats

Journal of trace elements and minerals Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jtemin.2025.100245

S.V. Rajini , R. Srushti , M. Sanchana , H.N. Sarjan

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Abstract

Background

Nitrate (NO₃) contamination is a serious global concern as high level of NO₃ adversely affect different components of the male reproductive system including accessory sex organs. However, there are no reports of NO₃ effects on vas deferens. With this background, the study was undertaken to investigate the effects of NO₃ contaminated ground water and sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) on vas deferens of rats.

Methodology

Adult rats were randomly divided into control, NO₃ contaminated ground water and NaNO₃ (100 mg kg⁻¹ bw/1mL/rat) treated groups (n = 5). The animals were exposed to NO₃ for 52 days and after the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed and histological alterations in vas deferens, few biochemical and sperm parameters were analyzed.

Results

Nitrate exposure resulted in significant increase in percentage gain in body weight, abnormal spermatozoa and nitrite level in spermatozoa. Further, there was significant decrease in relative weight of vas deferens, sperm motility and serum concentration of testosterone in NO₃ exposed rats compared to control. Histologically, distorted pseudostratified columnar epithelium, damaged stereocilia, reduced luminal sperm population, damaged basal lamina and disorganized muscle layers were observed in vas deferens of NO₃ treated rats compared to control. In addition, the height of pseudostratified columnar epithelium and diameter of muscularis was significantly reduced in NO₃ exposed rats compared to control.

Conclusion

The present investigation clearly indicated the adverse effects of NO₃ on vas deferens; one of the important accessory reproductive structures in transport of mature sperm to the urethra. Further, exposure to NO₃ contaminated ground water caused severe histological damage in vas deferens compared to that of NaNO_3.

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硝酸盐诱导大鼠输精管组织学改变的研究

硝酸盐（NO3）污染是一个严重的全球性问题，因为高浓度的NO3会对男性生殖系统的不同组成部分，包括辅助性器官产生不利影响。然而，没有NO3对输精管影响的报道。在此背景下，研究NO3污染地下水和硝酸钠（NaNO3）对大鼠输精管的影响。方法将成年大鼠随机分为对照组、NO3污染地下水组和NaNO3 （100 mg kg−1 bw/1mL/大鼠）处理组（n = 5）。动物暴露于NO3 52 d，处理期结束后处死大鼠，分析输精管组织学变化、生化指标和精子指标。结果硝态盐暴露导致体重增加百分比、精子异常和精子亚硝酸盐水平显著升高。此外，与对照组相比，NO3暴露大鼠输精管相对重量、精子活力和血清睾酮浓度显著降低。组织学上，与对照组相比，NO3处理大鼠输精管假层状柱状上皮扭曲，立体纤毛受损，管腔精子数量减少，基底层受损，肌肉层紊乱。此外，与对照组相比，NO3暴露大鼠假层状柱状上皮高度和肌层直径明显降低。结论本研究明确了NO3对输精管的不良影响；在将成熟精子运输到尿道过程中重要的辅助生殖结构之一。此外，与NaNO3相比，暴露于NO3污染的地下水会对输精管造成严重的组织学损伤。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of trace elements and minerals Medicine and Dentistry (General), Analytical Chemistry, Environmental Science (General), Toxicology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (General), Nutrition, Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine (General)

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审稿时长

65 days