Oxidative Phosphorylation Pathway in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Multi-Omics Analysis and Machine Learning

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q2 RHEUMATOLOGY
Yuling Chen, Yuan Xu, Shuangyan Cao, Qing Lv, Yuanchun Ye, Jieruo Gu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton, characterized by immune microenvironment dysregulation and elevated cytokines like TNF-α and IL-17. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), crucial for immune cell function and survival, is implicated in AS pathogenesis. This study explores OXPHOS-related mechanisms in AS, identifies key genes using machine learning, and highlights potential therapeutic targets for precision medicine.

Materials and Methods

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) bulk transcriptomic and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from AS patients were analyzed to investigate the role of the OXPHOS pathway in AS. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify key gene modules associated with OXPHOS. Machine learning techniques, including support vector machine with recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), random forest, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), were applied to identify significant AS-related genes. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to quantify gene expression, examine their patterns in specific cell subtypes, and explore their functional implications.

Results

Pathway enrichment analysis identified OXPHOS as a significantly enriched pathway distinguishing AS patients from healthy controls, with high normalized enrichment scores and significant group separation in principal component analysis. ScRNA-seq revealed significantly higher OXPHOS scores in AS patients, especially in dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes, highlighting cell type-specific dysregulation. WGCNA identified two key gene modules (MEyellow and MEtan) that are closely associated with OXPHOS. Three hub genes—LAMTOR2, APBB1IP, and DGKQ—were screened using machine learning methods and validated by RT-PCR and scRNA-seq. Among them, LAMTOR2 was significantly more highly expressed in patients with AS, and functional analyses showed that it plays a role in promoting TH17 cell differentiation, which highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for ankylosing spondylitis.

Conclusion

This multi-omics study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between OXPHOS and AS. The identified genes, particularly LAMTOR2, serve as potential therapeutic targets, contributing to our understanding of AS mechanisms and paving the way for precision medicine in AS treatment.

强直性脊柱炎的氧化磷酸化途径:多组学分析和机器学习
强直性脊柱炎(AS)是一种影响中轴骨骼的慢性炎症性疾病,以免疫微环境失调和TNF-α、IL-17等细胞因子升高为特征。线粒体氧化磷酸化(OXPHOS)对免疫细胞功能和存活至关重要,与AS的发病机制有关。本研究探索了AS中oxphos的相关机制,利用机器学习识别关键基因,并强调了精准医学的潜在治疗靶点。材料与方法分析AS患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)大量转录组学和单细胞RNA测序(scRNA-seq)数据,探讨OXPHOS通路在AS中的作用。加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)鉴定与OXPHOS相关的关键基因模块。机器学习技术,包括支持向量机递归特征消除(SVM-RFE)、随机森林和最小绝对收缩和选择算子(LASSO),被用于识别重要的as相关基因。实时荧光定量PCR (RT-PCR)用于定量基因表达,检测其在特定细胞亚型中的模式,并探讨其功能意义。结果通路富集分析发现,OXPHOS是区分as患者与健康对照的显著富集通路,主成分分析结果显示,OXPHOS具有较高的归一化富集分数和显著的组分离性。ScRNA-seq显示,AS患者的OXPHOS评分明显较高,特别是在树突状细胞(dc)和单核细胞中,突出了细胞类型特异性失调。WGCNA鉴定出与OXPHOS密切相关的两个关键基因模块(MEyellow和MEtan)。使用机器学习方法筛选三个枢纽基因lamtor2、APBB1IP和dgkq,并通过RT-PCR和scRNA-seq进行验证。其中,LAMTOR2在AS患者中表达明显更高,功能分析显示其具有促进TH17细胞分化的作用,这凸显了其作为强直性脊柱炎治疗靶点的潜力。结论该多组学研究为了解OXPHOS与AS之间复杂的相互作用提供了有价值的见解。这些鉴定的基因,尤其是LAMTOR2,作为潜在的治疗靶点,有助于我们对as机制的理解,并为精准医学治疗as铺平道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.00%
发文量
362
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases (formerly APLAR Journal of Rheumatology) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology. The Journal accepts original articles on clinical or experimental research pertinent to the rheumatic diseases, work on connective tissue diseases and other immune and allergic disorders. The acceptance criteria for all papers are the quality and originality of the research and its significance to our readership. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer reviewed by two anonymous reviewers and the Editor.
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