Effects of light intensity on the growth, non-specific immunity, and ovarian development of juvenile ridgetail white prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda)

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI:10.1007/s10499-025-01989-8

Xiaofang Lai, Qing Zhang, Xiaopeng Zhang, Chunmei Lin, Huan Gao

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Abstract

Light intensity is a critical environmental factor in aquaculture, profoundly influencing aquatic species’ growth and reproductive performance. This study investigated the effects of five light intensities (0, 100, 350, 600, and 1600 lx) on growth performance, non-specific immunity, ovarian development, and biochemical analysis of juvenile female ridgetail white prawn (Exopalaemon carinicauda, body length 5.16 ± 0.02 cm and wet weight 1.96 ± 0.01 g) under a 12L:12D photoperiod for 30 days, using natural light (0–1600 lx) as a control. Growth parameters including final wet weight (Wt), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate (SR) exhibited a unimodal response, peaking at 100 lx (2.66 ± 0.03 g, 70.58 ± 2.09%, 1.03 ± 0.02%, and 57.78 ± 1.92%, respectively). Digestive enzyme activities including Chymotrypsin, α-amylase (α-AMS), and lipase (LPS) increased with light intensity, reaching maximum levels at 1600 lx (12.23 ± 0.51 U/mg prot, 24.36 ± 0.86 U/mg prot, and 5.29 ± 0.48 U/mg prot, respectively). In contrast, key non-specific immune enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP), displayed optimal activity at 100 lx (12.95 ± 0.96 U/mg prot and 109.66 ± 12.31 U/mg prot, respectively). Ovarian development indices revealed an inverse trend between hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI), with GSI peaking at 100 lx (4.59 ± 0.05%) and HSI at 1600 lx (3.60 ± 0.05%). Biochemical analysis demonstrated significantly higher total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and vitellogenin (Vg), and estradiol (E2) levels at 100 lx (0.86 ± 0.04 mmol/g prot, 0.08 ± 0.01 mmol/g prot, 17.73 ± 0.37 µg/mL, and 52.09 ± 2.75 ng/L, respectively) (P < 0.05). Ovarian nutrient accumulation (22.60% of protein, 25.37% of lipid, and 0.04% of glycogen) was maximized at 100 lx, significantly surpassing hepatopancreatic reserves (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that 100 lx is the optimal light intensity for promoting growth, enhancing ovarian development, and optimizing nutrient accumulation in female E. carinicauda, providing valuable insights for crustacean reproductive management.

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光照强度对白对虾幼虾生长、非特异性免疫及卵巢发育的影响

光照强度是水产养殖的关键环境因子，深刻影响着水生物种的生长和繁殖性能。本试验以自然光（0 ~ 1600 lx）为对照，在12L:12D光照条件下，研究了0、100、350、600、1600 lx 5种光照强度对体长5.16±0.02 cm、湿重1.96±0.01 g的雌性脊尾白对虾（Exopalaemon carinicauda）幼虾生长性能、非特异性免疫、卵巢发育和生化分析的影响。最终湿重（Wt）、增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）和存活率（SR）等生长参数均呈现单峰响应，在100 lx时达到峰值（分别为2.66±0.03 g、70.58±2.09%、1.03±0.02%和57.78±1.92%）。乳糜蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶（α-AMS）和脂肪酶（LPS）活性随光照强度的增加而增加，在1600 lx时达到最高值（分别为12.23±0.51 U/mg prot、24.36±0.86 U/mg prot和5.29±0.48 U/mg prot）。相反，关键的非特异性免疫酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）在100 lx（分别为12.95±0.96 U/mg prot和109.66±12.31 U/mg prot）下表现出最佳活性。卵巢发育指标肝体指数（HSI）与性腺体指数（GSI）呈负相关，GSI在100 lx（4.59±0.05%）达到峰值，HSI在1600 lx（3.60±0.05%）达到峰值。生化分析显示，在100 lx（0.86±0.04 mmol/g prot, 0.08±0.01 mmol/g prot, 17.73±0.37µg/mL和52.09±2.75 ng/L）时，总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、卵黄蛋白原（Vg）和雌二醇（E2）水平显著升高(P <；0.05)。卵巢营养积累（22.60%的蛋白质、25.37%的脂质和0.04%的糖原）在100 lx时达到最大值，显著超过肝胰脏储备(P <；0.05)。以上结果表明，100 lx光照强度是促进雌性棘足蟹生长、促进卵巢发育和优化营养积累的最佳光照强度，为甲壳类动物的生殖管理提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.