The Influence of Anionic and Nonionic Hydrotropes on the Phase Separation of Triton-X 100 and Polyethylene Glycol Mixtures: Assessment of Several Physico-Chemical Parameters

IF 1.4 4区 化学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Ratan Kumar Paul, Javed Masood Khan, Manoj Kumar Banjare, Tajmul Hasan, K. M. Anis-Ul-Haque, Shahed Rana, Md. Anamul Hoque
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The phase separation of triton X-100 (TX-100) and polyethylene glycol-400 (PEG-400) mixtures was investigated in aqueous and aqueous solutions of hydrotrope-containing systems (anionic: sodium benzoate (NaBenz), sodium salicylate (NaSal); nonionic: 4-aminobenzoic acid (4-ABA), resorcinol (benzene-1,3-diol (BDL)), and nicotinsaureamid (pyridine-3-carboxamide (PyC))) using the cloud point (CP) detection technique. The magnitudes of CP for the TX-100 and PEG-400 mixed solution were examined with TX-100 concentration significantly above its critical micelle concentration (CMC), and experienced changes upon the introduction of various hydrotropes (HDTs). The solubility of the PEG-400 and TX-100 mixture was notably impacted by the HDTs studied. As the HDTs concentration raised, the CP values showed an upsurge trend (indicating enhanced solubility) for anionic HDTs (NaBenz and NaSal) and an nonionic HDT (PyC). In contrast, CP values decreased (indicating reduced solubility) in solutions of remaining two nonionic HDTs (4-ABA and BDL). At CP, the changes in standard free energy (\({\Delta G}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)), enthalpy (\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)), and entropy (\({\Delta S}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)) of the clouding were determined. The \({\Delta G}_{\text{c}}^{0}\) values for the clouding process were positive, indicating the process is not spontaneous. The negative \({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\) of the clouding system in two nonionic HDTs, 4-ABA and BDL media, indicate exothermic clouding, whereas the other media was mostly endothermic in nature. The \({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\) and \({\Delta S}_{\text{c}}^{0}\) values suggest that electrostatic (hydrogen bonding and dipole–dipole interactions) and hydrophobic forces dominate between TX-100 and PEG-400 during cloud formation. The thermodynamics properties of transfer (\({\Delta G}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\), \({\Delta H}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\), \({\Delta S}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\)), compensation temperature (Tc), and intrinsic enthalpy gain (\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0,*}\)) were calculated and thoroughly analyzed to elucidate the system’s behavior and interaction forces.

Graphical Abstract

阴离子和非离子水对triton - x100和聚乙二醇混合物相分离的影响:若干理化参数的评估
研究了triton X-100 (TX-100)和聚乙二醇-400 (PEG-400)混合物在含水体系(阴离子:苯甲酸钠(NaBenz)、水杨酸钠(鼻);非离子型:4-氨基苯甲酸(4-ABA)、间苯二酚(苯-1,3-二醇(BDL))和烟酰胺(吡啶-3-羧胺(PyC)),采用云点(CP)检测技术。当TX-100浓度显著高于临界胶束浓度(CMC)时,考察了TX-100和PEG-400混合溶液的CP大小,并在引入不同的亲水化合物(HDTs)时经历了变化。PEG-400和TX-100混合物的溶解度受到HDTs的显著影响。随着HDTs浓度的升高,阴离子HDTs (NaBenz和NaSal)和非离子HDT (PyC)的CP值呈上升趋势(表明溶解度增强)。相比之下,CP值在剩余的两种非离子型HDTs (4-ABA和BDL)溶液中下降(表明溶解度降低)。在CP下,测定了云团的标准自由能(\({\Delta G}_{\text{c}}^{0}\))、焓(\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\))和熵(\({\Delta S}_{\text{c}}^{0}\))的变化。该混浊过程的\({\Delta G}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)值为正,表明该过程不是自发的。在4-ABA和BDL两种非离子型HDTs中,云系统的负\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)表示放热云,而其他介质基本上是吸热云。\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)和\({\Delta S}_{\text{c}}^{0}\)的值表明,在云形成过程中,TX-100和PEG-400之间的静电(氢键和偶极子-偶极子相互作用)和疏水力占主导地位。计算并分析了传递(\({\Delta G}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\), \({\Delta H}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\), \({\Delta S}_{\text{c},\text{tr}}^{0}\)),补偿温度(Tc)和固有焓增益(\({\Delta H}_{\text{c}}^{0,*}\))的热力学性质,以阐明系统的行为和相互作用力。图形摘要
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来源期刊
Journal of Solution Chemistry
Journal of Solution Chemistry 化学-物理化学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Solution Chemistry offers a forum for research on the physical chemistry of liquid solutions in such fields as physical chemistry, chemical physics, molecular biology, statistical mechanics, biochemistry, and biophysics. The emphasis is on papers in which the solvent plays a dominant rather than incidental role. Featured topics include experimental investigations of the dielectric, spectroscopic, thermodynamic, transport, or relaxation properties of both electrolytes and nonelectrolytes in liquid solutions.
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