Effects of electron-beam (E-beam) irradiation on the postharvest quality of ‘golden’ papayas

Patrícia Souza de Oliveira , Caroline Corrêa de Souza Coelho , Rodrigo da Silveira Campos , Otniel Freitas-Silva , Murillo Freire Júnior
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Abstract

Brazilian papaya production and exports have increased in recent years, and as a phytosanitary requirement, emerging technologies have been introduced into the agricultural chain. Electron beam (E-beam) irradiation has phytosanitary potential for the treatment of fruits, as it is safe and effective in controlling agricultural pests, extending the shelf life of the fruits, and preserving their quality. E-beam irradiation doses of 1, 3, and 5 kGy were applied on 'Golden' papaya fruit, with non-irradiated fruits (0 kGy) used as a control were applied on 'Golden' papaya fruit inoculated with fungi Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phoma caricae-papayae to verify if this technology could reduce postharvest diseases from the papaya rot complex. Also, this study evaluated the effects of the same E-beam doses on the postharvest quality of papayas, by analyzing physicochemical characteristics such as titratable acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), firmness, and weight loss, as well as enzymatic activity of pectin methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) in the fruit. E-beam irradiation did not affect these variables. A difference was observed among the tested doses on the TA, TSS, TPC, and weight loss with the temperature increase during storage. In the other analysis, PME and PG activity and firmness were not influenced by the irradiation doses. Fruit at the 1 kGy, in general, had similar results as the control ones, this dose also was effective in reducing the growth of C. gloeosporioides and P. caricae-papayae and maintaining the quality of fruit since the doses of 3 and 5 kGy caused injuries to them.
电子束辐照对“金”木瓜采后品质的影响
近年来,巴西木瓜的生产和出口有所增加,作为植物检疫要求,新兴技术已被引入农业链。电子束辐照在控制农业害虫、延长水果保质期和保持水果品质方面具有安全有效的应用前景。将1、3和5 kGy的电子束辐照剂量应用于“黄金”番木瓜果实,并将未辐照的果实(0 kGy)作为对照,应用于接种了真菌炭黑菌和番木瓜病菌的“黄金”番木瓜果实,以验证该技术是否可以减少番木瓜腐病复合体的采后病害。此外,本研究还通过分析木瓜果实的可滴定酸度(TA)、总可溶性固形物(TSS)、总酚含量(TPC)、硬度和失重等理化特性,以及果胶甲基酯酶(PME)和聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)的酶活性,评估了相同电子束剂量对木瓜采后品质的影响。电子束辐照对这些变量没有影响。在贮藏过程中,随着温度的升高,不同剂量的TSS、TPC、TA和失重量均有差异。在另一项分析中,PME和PG的活性和硬度不受辐照剂量的影响。1 kGy处理的果实总体上与对照效果相似,由于3 kGy和5 kGy处理对gloeosporioides和P. caricae-papayae造成伤害,该剂量也能有效地抑制gloeosporioides和P. caricae-papayae的生长并保持果实品质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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