Bridging laboratory innovation to translational research and commercialization of extracellular vesicle isolation and detection

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for various diseases. Encapsulating biomolecules reflective of their parental cells, EVs are readily accessible in bodily fluids. The prospect for minimally invasive, repeatable molecular testing has stimulated significant research; however, challenges persist in isolating EVs from complex biological matrices and characterizing their limited molecular cargo. Technical advances have been pursued to address these challenges, producing innovative EV-specific platforms. This review highlights recent technological developments, focusing on EV isolation and molecular detection methodologies. Furthermore, it explores the translation of these laboratory innovations to clinical applications through the analysis of patient samples, providing insights into the potential diagnostic and prognostic utility of EV-based technologies.