Characterization of phenylalanine ammonium lyase gene family in Datura stramonium and expression analysis in response to nanoparticles-aluminium oxide (Al2O3NPs) and tungsten oxide (WO3NPs)

Plant Nano Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI:10.1016/j.plana.2025.100151

Baan Munim Twaij , Hashim K. Mohammed Al-Aubaidi , Md. Nazmul Hasan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL) gene family is essential for secondary metabolite production, an important component of plant defense mechanisms. This study characterized the PAL gene family in an important medicinal plant Datura stramonium. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify and analyze PAL gene’s characteristics like phylogenetic relationships, subcellular localization, conserved domains and motifs, cis-elements, and protein structure. In addition, we examined gene expression in response to aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al₂O₃NPs) and tungsten oxide particles (WO₃NPs) nanoparticles, which are known to induce stress responses in plants. Twelve PAL genes were identified (DsPAL1 - DsPAL12), with protein lengths ranging from amino acids 108–446. These proteins are located in different cellular regions, suggesting different functions. Motif and cis-regulatory element analysis revealed conserved patterns and responses to stress and hormonal signals. Protein-protein interactions suggest that DsPALs play an important role in plant metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. RT-qPCR data analysis indicated the differential expression of specific PAL genes in response to nanoparticles, indicating their role in secondary metabolite production. Analysis of secondary metabolite production in nanoparticle-treated samples supports a role for PAL genes in secondary metabolite biosynthesis. The characterization of the PAL gene family in D. stramonium has important insights into plant defense mechanisms and secondary metabolite production. This study suggests that the nanoparticles can be used to enhance secondary metabolite production in D. stramonium and provides the basis for future research on plant metabolic production.

Key message

PAL gene expression and secondary metabolites production analysis in response to Al₂O₃NPs and WO₃NPs indicates their potential role in secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathways.

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曼陀罗苯丙氨酸解铵酶基因家族的表征及对纳米颗粒-氧化铝（Al2O3NPs）和氧化钨（WO3NPs）的响应分析

苯丙氨酸解铵酶（PAL）基因家族是植物次生代谢产物产生的重要基因，是植物防御机制的重要组成部分。对重要药用植物曼陀罗的PAL基因家族进行了研究。利用生物信息学工具鉴定和分析PAL基因的系统发育关系、亚细胞定位、保守结构域和基序、顺式元件和蛋白结构等特征。此外，我们还检测了氧化铝纳米粒子（Al2O3NPs）和氧化钨纳米粒子（WO3NPs）对植物胁迫反应的基因表达。共鉴定出12个PAL基因（DsPAL1 ~ DsPAL12），蛋白长度从108 ~ 446氨基酸不等。这些蛋白位于不同的细胞区域，暗示着不同的功能。Motif和顺式调控元件分析揭示了保守模式和对应激和激素信号的反应。蛋白质与蛋白质的相互作用表明，DsPALs在植物代谢和次生代谢产物的生物合成中起着重要作用。RT-qPCR数据分析表明，特定PAL基因对纳米颗粒的响应存在差异，表明它们在次生代谢物的产生中起作用。纳米颗粒处理样品中次生代谢物产生的分析支持PAL基因在次生代谢物生物合成中的作用。真菌PAL基因家族的研究对植物防御机制和次生代谢产物的产生具有重要意义。该研究表明，纳米颗粒可用于促进草霉次生代谢产物的产生，为进一步研究植物代谢产物提供了基础。关键信息：Al2O3NPs和WO3NPs对epal基因的表达和次生代谢产物的产生分析表明，它们在次生代谢产物的生物合成途径中具有潜在的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant Nano Biology

CiteScore

2.80

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0.00%

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