Predictors of Coronavirus disease 2019 in older patients: Exploring body composition and muscle strength

IF 2.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.04.005

José Reginaldo Alves de Queiroz Júnior , Jarson P. Costa-Pereira , Rodrigo Albert Baracho Rüegg , Raquel de Arruda Campos Benjamim , Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh , Cláudia Porto Sabino Pinho Ramiro

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aims

Evidence underscores the impact of the inflammatory response caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on nutritional status. However, there remains a notable gap in research investigating preexisting alterations in body composition and muscle function as potential risk factors for COVID-19 development. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relationship between abnormalities in body composition and muscle function and the incidence of COVID-19 among older patients.

Methods

This was a secondary analysis of a cohort study involving older patients. Body composition assessment was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and included measurements of fat mass (%), total body water (TBW, %), and appendicular lean soft tissues (ALST/ALSTI: ALST normalized to height²). Muscle function was evaluated through the handgrip strength (HGS) test. Data on COVID-19 status were collected through telephone interviews with patients or their immediate relatives, after 12–24 months after hospital discharge.

Results

This analysis included 120 subjects (59.1 % males, median age: 69 years old). Higher values of fat mass (%) independently predicted COVID-19 infection (HR _adjusted 1.11, 95 % CI 1.04 to 1.18, P = 0.003). We also observed a trend indicating that higher TBW% was associated with a potential lower hazard for COVID-19 infection (HR _adjusted 0.94, 95 % CI 0.89 to 1.01, P = 0.08). ALST, ALSTI, and HGS were not associated with a higher hazard for COVID-19 infection (all P-values >.05).

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the relevance of addressing excess body fat in older patients to potentially mitigate the risk of COVID-19 infection.

查看原文本刊更多论文

老年患者2019冠状病毒病的预测因素：探索身体成分和肌肉力量

背景,目的证据强调了2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引起的炎症反应对营养状况的影响。然而，在将身体成分和肌肉功能先前存在的改变作为COVID-19发展的潜在危险因素的研究方面，仍存在明显的差距。因此，本研究旨在研究老年患者身体成分和肌肉功能异常与COVID-19发病率之间的关系。方法：本研究是一项涉及老年患者的队列研究的二次分析。使用生物电阻抗分析（BIA）评估身体成分，包括测量脂肪量（%）、全身水分（TBW, %）和阑尾瘦软组织（ALST/ALSTI: ALST归一化到身高2）。通过握力（HGS）测试评估肌肉功能。出院后12-24个月，通过对患者或其直系亲属的电话访谈收集COVID-19状况数据。结果本研究纳入120例受试者，其中59.1%为男性，中位年龄69岁。较高的脂肪量（%）独立预测COVID-19感染（HR调整为1.11,95% CI 1.04 ~ 1.18, P = 0.003）。我们还观察到一种趋势，表明较高的TBW%与潜在的COVID-19感染风险较低相关（HR调整为0.94,95% CI 0.89至1.01,P = 0.08）。ALST、ALSTI和HGS与COVID-19感染的高风险无关（p值均为0.05）。结论本研究表明，解决老年患者体脂过剩与降低COVID-19感染风险的相关性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.