Unlocking the potential of parboiled rice mill effluent: From microalgae cultivation to bioelectricity production for sustainable development

IF 8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Management Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125558

K. Sandhya , C.K. Sunil , J.A. Moses , Mahendran Radhakrishnan , Venkatachalapathy Natarajan

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of parboiled rice mill effluent: From microalgae cultivation to bioelectricity production for sustainable development","authors":"K. Sandhya , C.K. Sunil , J.A. Moses , Mahendran Radhakrishnan , Venkatachalapathy Natarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125558","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rice is a staple food in many Asian countries, and parboiling is a crucial process to reduce grain breakage and improve head rice yield during milling. However, this process generates substantial amounts of nutrient-rich effluent, which, if inadequately treated, leads to environmental issues such as eutrophication. The present review critically examines the parboiling process, highlighting that wastewater contains high concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). These nutrients, when utilized effectively, can support sustainable practices such as microalgae cultivation for food and biomass, biofertilizer production, and bioenergy generation, including biofuel and bioelectricity through microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Around 94 % reduction in COD levels and 90 % removal in nitrogen and phosphorus is achieved on effective utilization of nutrients in wastewater for biomass cultivation. Strategies for odor management in parboiling units are also discussed, leveraging techniques such as activated carbon adsorption and advanced oxidation processes adapted from municipal wastewater treatments. The manuscript emphasizes a circular economy approach, proposing integrated solutions for effluent reuse to minimize environmental impact and support sustainable agricultural and energy practices. Future research directions focus on scaling these technologies and optimizing their cost-effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"384 ","pages":"Article 125558"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Environmental Management","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479725015348","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rice is a staple food in many Asian countries, and parboiling is a crucial process to reduce grain breakage and improve head rice yield during milling. However, this process generates substantial amounts of nutrient-rich effluent, which, if inadequately treated, leads to environmental issues such as eutrophication. The present review critically examines the parboiling process, highlighting that wastewater contains high concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). These nutrients, when utilized effectively, can support sustainable practices such as microalgae cultivation for food and biomass, biofertilizer production, and bioenergy generation, including biofuel and bioelectricity through microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Around 94 % reduction in COD levels and 90 % removal in nitrogen and phosphorus is achieved on effective utilization of nutrients in wastewater for biomass cultivation. Strategies for odor management in parboiling units are also discussed, leveraging techniques such as activated carbon adsorption and advanced oxidation processes adapted from municipal wastewater treatments. The manuscript emphasizes a circular economy approach, proposing integrated solutions for effluent reuse to minimize environmental impact and support sustainable agricultural and energy practices. Future research directions focus on scaling these technologies and optimizing their cost-effectiveness.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

释放半煮米厂废水的潜力：从微藻培养到可持续发展的生物电生产

大米是许多亚洲国家的主食，在碾磨过程中，煮熟是减少稻米破碎和提高稻米产量的关键工序。然而，这一过程产生大量富含营养的废水，如果处理不当，就会导致富营养化等环境问题。本综述严格审查了过沸过程，强调废水含有高浓度的氮、磷和具有化学需氧量（COD）和生物需氧量（BOD）的有机物。这些营养物质如果得到有效利用，可以支持可持续做法，如用于粮食和生物质的微藻种植、生物肥料生产和生物能源生产，包括通过微生物燃料电池（mfc）生产生物燃料和生物电。通过有效利用废水中的营养物质进行生物质培养，COD水平降低约94%，氮和磷去除率达到90%。本文还讨论了利用活性炭吸附和高级氧化工艺等技术对高沸点单元进行气味管理的策略。该手稿强调了循环经济方法，提出了污水再利用的综合解决方案，以尽量减少对环境的影响，并支持可持续农业和能源实践。未来的研究方向将集中在扩展这些技术和优化其成本效益上。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Environmental Management 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

13.70

自引率

5.70%

发文量

2477

审稿时长

84 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Environmental Management is a journal for the publication of peer reviewed, original research for all aspects of management and the managed use of the environment, both natural and man-made.Critical review articles are also welcome; submission of these is strongly encouraged.