The role of granulosa cells in oocyte development and aging: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

IF 6.2 2区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Seminars in cell & developmental biology Pub Date : 2025-04-28 DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103614

HaiYang Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Granulosa cells (GCs) are essential for oocyte maturation, providing metabolic support, hormonal signaling, and structural integrity critical to successful follicular development. However, advancing age disrupts these functions, driven by factors such as increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and transcriptomic and proteomic alterations. These age-related changes in GCs contribute to compromised oocyte quality, diminished follicular support, and a decline in fertility, particularly in women of advanced maternal age. This review highlights recent progress in understanding the pivotal roles of GCs in maintaining oocyte health, with a focus on the mechanisms underlying their aging-related dysfunction. Furthermore, we explore promising therapeutic strategies, including antioxidant therapies, metabolic modulators, and GC-based rejuvenation techniques, aimed at mitigating the impacts of reproductive aging. By consolidating and analyzing existing research, this review provides valuable perspectives on fertility preservation and factors shaping reproductive outcomes in women of advanced maternal age.

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颗粒细胞在卵母细胞发育和衰老中的作用：机制和治疗机会

颗粒细胞（GCs）对卵母细胞成熟至关重要，提供代谢支持、激素信号和结构完整性，对卵泡的成功发育至关重要。然而，在氧化应激增加、线粒体功能障碍、转录组和蛋白质组改变等因素的驱动下，年龄的增长会破坏这些功能。这些与年龄相关的GCs变化导致卵母细胞质量受损，卵泡支持减少，生育能力下降，特别是高龄产妇。本文综述了近年来在理解GCs在维持卵母细胞健康中的关键作用方面的进展，并重点讨论了GCs衰老相关功能障碍的机制。此外，我们探索了有前景的治疗策略，包括抗氧化疗法、代谢调节剂和基于gc的年轻化技术，旨在减轻生殖衰老的影响。通过对现有研究的整合和分析，本综述为高龄产妇的生育能力保存和影响生育结果的因素提供了有价值的观点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Seminars in cell & developmental biology 生物-发育生物学

CiteScore

15.10

自引率

1.40%

发文量

310

审稿时长

9.1 weeks

期刊介绍： Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology is a review journal dedicated to keeping scientists informed of developments in the field of molecular cell and developmental biology, on a topic by topic basis. Each issue is thematic in approach, devoted to an important topic of interest to cell and developmental biologists, focusing on the latest advances and their specific implications. The aim of each issue is to provide a coordinated, readable, and lively review of a selected area, published rapidly to ensure currency.