{"title":"Influence of crack width on carbonation depths in functionally layered concrete","authors":"Jessica C. Forsdyke, Janet M. Lees","doi":"10.1617/s11527-025-02643-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In functionally graded concrete, an outer durable concrete layer with higher cement can be used to protect lower grade interior concrete to maintain durability performance while reducing embodied carbon. However, flexural cracks in reinforced functionally layered beams can penetrate through the durability layer into interior concrete. Accelerated carbonation behaviour of cracked beams with different durability layer thicknesses and crack widths was investigated. Digital tools were used to trace the carbonation profiles. In regions remote from cracks the durability layer reduced carbonation ingress. At a crack, the carbonation front in the layered beams progressed into the interior mix. The width of the carbonation influence zone around the reinforcement was smaller when the steel was fully encased in the durability layer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":691,"journal":{"name":"Materials and Structures","volume":"58 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1617/s11527-025-02643-8.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Materials and Structures","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1617/s11527-025-02643-8","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In functionally graded concrete, an outer durable concrete layer with higher cement can be used to protect lower grade interior concrete to maintain durability performance while reducing embodied carbon. However, flexural cracks in reinforced functionally layered beams can penetrate through the durability layer into interior concrete. Accelerated carbonation behaviour of cracked beams with different durability layer thicknesses and crack widths was investigated. Digital tools were used to trace the carbonation profiles. In regions remote from cracks the durability layer reduced carbonation ingress. At a crack, the carbonation front in the layered beams progressed into the interior mix. The width of the carbonation influence zone around the reinforcement was smaller when the steel was fully encased in the durability layer.
期刊介绍：
Materials and Structures, the flagship publication of the International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures (RILEM), provides a unique international and interdisciplinary forum for new research findings on the performance of construction materials. A leader in cutting-edge research, the journal is dedicated to the publication of high quality papers examining the fundamental properties of building materials, their characterization and processing techniques, modeling, standardization of test methods, and the application of research results in building and civil engineering. Materials and Structures also publishes comprehensive reports prepared by the RILEM’s technical committees.
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