Task-based neural correlates of self-focused attention associated with cognitive behavioral therapy response

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Biological Psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2025.109022

Emily M. Iannazzi , Gillian Grennan , Yuchen Zhao , Kelly Chang , Jamie D. Feusner , Sabine Wilhelm , Dara S. Manoach , Angela Fang

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Abstract

Self-focused attention (SFA), a form of self-referential processing, is maladaptive in various psychiatric disorders and may be associated with poor treatment response. This study examined SFA in individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), testing the hypothesis that SFA is associated with hyperactivity within default network (DN) regions and with treatment response during cognitive-behavioral therapy. Participants included 30 patients with primary SAD or BDD and 28 healthy controls, who displayed above average and below average scores (respectively) on the Public Self-Consciousness Scale, which measured trait SFA. SFA was also measured by a self-referential encoding task, which yielded both behavioral reaction time measures and task-related fMRI measures of SFA. Results indicated significantly longer reaction times at pre-treatment for self vs. other trials in patients compared to controls, with patients showing notable improvement post-treatment. Neuroimaging revealed greater activation in DN regions, including the medial prefrontal cortex, during self vs. other trials in all participants; however, there were no significant group differences at pre- or post-treatment, nor in the changes from pre- to post-treatment. Neural measures of SFA were significantly associated with treatment response, whereas behavioral measures were not. These findings suggest that activity in DN regions may serve as a transdiagnostic biomarker of maladaptive SFA that is associated with treatment response.

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自我集中注意与认知行为治疗反应的任务型神经关联

自我关注（SFA）是一种自我参照加工形式，在各种精神疾病中存在不适应现象，可能与治疗反应差有关。本研究考察了社交焦虑障碍（SAD）和身体畸形障碍（BDD）患者的SFA，验证了SFA与默认网络（DN）区域的多动以及认知行为治疗期间的治疗反应有关的假设。参与者包括30名原发性SAD或BDD患者和28名健康对照者，他们在公共自我意识量表（Public Self-Consciousness Scale）上的得分分别高于平均水平和低于平均水平，该量表测量了特质性SFA。SFA还通过自我参照编码任务进行测量，该任务产生了行为反应时间测量和任务相关的SFA fMRI测量。结果表明，与对照组相比，患者在自我治疗前的反应时间明显长于其他试验，患者在治疗后表现出显着的改善。在所有参与者的自我试验中，神经影像学显示DN区域（包括内侧前额叶皮层）的激活程度高于其他试验；然而，在治疗前或治疗后没有显著的组间差异，也没有从治疗前到治疗后的变化。SFA的神经测量与治疗反应显著相关，而行为测量与治疗反应无关。这些发现表明，DN区域的活性可能作为与治疗反应相关的适应性不良SFA的跨诊断生物标志物。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biological Psychology 医学-行为科学

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

11.50%

发文量

146

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Biological Psychology publishes original scientific papers on the biological aspects of psychological states and processes. Biological aspects include electrophysiology and biochemical assessments during psychological experiments as well as biologically induced changes in psychological function. Psychological investigations based on biological theories are also of interest. All aspects of psychological functioning, including psychopathology, are germane. The Journal concentrates on work with human subjects, but may consider work with animal subjects if conceptually related to issues in human biological psychology.