Peripheral lymphocyte counts and regional cerebral blood flow on brain SPECT correlate in Alzheimer’s disease: A retrospective cross-sectional study

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149657

Hidehito Miyazaki , Keiko Ide , Hiroyuki Yamaguchi , Matsuyoshi Ogawa , Naoya Aoki , Omi Katsuse , Toshinari Odawara , Takeshi Asami

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Abstract

Background

Given emerging evidence of immune involvement in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), we aimed to clarify whether peripheral lymphocyte counts are associated with regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as measured by brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Identifying such a relationship may help to establish early, accessible biomarkers of disease progression.

Methods

Participants were 111 patients diagnosed with AD at the Yokohama City University Hospital Medical Center for Dementia Diseases between January 2021 and December 2023 and who underwent blood tests and brain SPECT. Sex, age, cognitive function tests, peripheral blood values, and rCBF on brain SPECT were investigated retrospectively. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were extracted from blood values. In addition, the rCBF in each region (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and limbic system) was calculated from brain SPECT, and correlation analysis between lymphocytes and rCBF was performed.

Results

Significant positive correlations between lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood and rCBF were found in all regions except the left frontal lobe. In particular, the correlation coefficient between rCBF and lymphocyte count was highest in the right temporal lobe (ρ = 0.311, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts are positively related to rCBF on brain SPECT, and lymphocytes can be an early biomarker that can be tested inexpensively and easily. Limitations include the retrospective cross-sectional design and single-center setting, which preclude analysis of causality and changes over time.

Abstract Image

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脑SPECT外周淋巴细胞计数和局部脑血流与阿尔茨海默病的相关性：一项回顾性横断面研究

背景：鉴于免疫参与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的新证据，我们旨在阐明外周淋巴细胞计数是否与脑单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）测量的区域脑血流量（rCBF）相关。确定这种关系可能有助于建立疾病进展的早期、可获得的生物标志物。研究对象为2021年1月至2023年12月期间在横滨市立大学医院痴呆症医学中心诊断为AD的111例患者，他们接受了血液检查和脑SPECT。回顾性研究性别、年龄、认知功能、外周血值和脑SPECT rCBF。从血液中提取中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞计数。此外，通过脑SPECT计算各区域（额、顶叶、颞、枕、边缘系统）rCBF，并进行淋巴细胞与rCBF的相关性分析。结果外周血淋巴细胞计数与rCBF在除左额叶外的所有区域均呈显著正相关。rCBF与淋巴细胞计数的相关系数在右侧颞叶最高（ρ = 0.311, P = 0.001）。结论脑SPECT外周血淋巴细胞计数与rCBF呈正相关，淋巴细胞是一种检测成本低、检测方便的早期生物标志物。局限性包括回顾性横断面设计和单中心设置，这排除了因果关系和随时间变化的分析。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Brain Research 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.40%

发文量

268

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： An international multidisciplinary journal devoted to fundamental research in the brain sciences. Brain Research publishes papers reporting interdisciplinary investigations of nervous system structure and function that are of general interest to the international community of neuroscientists. As is evident from the journals name, its scope is broad, ranging from cellular and molecular studies through systems neuroscience, cognition and disease. Invited reviews are also published; suggestions for and inquiries about potential reviews are welcomed. With the appearance of the final issue of the 2011 subscription, Vol. 67/1-2 (24 June 2011), Brain Research Reviews has ceased publication as a distinct journal separate from Brain Research. Review articles accepted for Brain Research are now published in that journal.