A conservative constrained clustering-merging algorithm for particle-in-cell codes

IF 7.2 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computer Physics Communications Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.cpc.2025.109621

Dong-sheng Cai, Ping-yang Wang

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The particle merging algorithm enables particle-in-cell codes to simulate the process of rapidly increasing particle numbers. Dividing particles that are close in phase space into a subset for merging is beneficial for preserving the particle distribution function (PDF). However, larger subsets can cause particles with significant differences to be grouped together. To address this issue, we proposed a conservative constrained clustering-merging algorithm which employs the constrained k-means method to keep the number of particles within each subset at a low level while meeting the requirement of conserving physical quantities. Subsequently, the particles in each subset are merged by probabilistically adjusting their weights. The impact of subset size on the merging results and computational performance is also discussed.

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单元内粒子码的保守约束聚类合并算法

粒子合并算法使单元内粒子编码能够模拟粒子数量快速增加的过程。将相空间接近的粒子划分为子集进行合并有利于保持粒子分布函数。然而，较大的子集可能导致具有显著差异的粒子被分组在一起。为了解决这一问题，我们提出了一种保守约束聚类合并算法，该算法采用约束k-means方法，在满足守恒物理量要求的同时，使每个子集内的粒子数量保持在较低的水平。随后，通过概率性地调整权重，对每个子集中的粒子进行合并。讨论了子集大小对合并结果和计算性能的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Computer Physics Communications 物理-计算机：跨学科应用

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.20%

发文量

287

审稿时长

5.3 months

期刊介绍： The focus of CPC is on contemporary computational methods and techniques and their implementation, the effectiveness of which will normally be evidenced by the author(s) within the context of a substantive problem in physics. Within this setting CPC publishes two types of paper. Computer Programs in Physics (CPiP) These papers describe significant computer programs to be archived in the CPC Program Library which is held in the Mendeley Data repository. The submitted software must be covered by an approved open source licence. Papers and associated computer programs that address a problem of contemporary interest in physics that cannot be solved by current software are particularly encouraged. Computational Physics Papers (CP) These are research papers in, but are not limited to, the following themes across computational physics and related disciplines. mathematical and numerical methods and algorithms; computational models including those associated with the design, control and analysis of experiments; and algebraic computation. Each will normally include software implementation and performance details. The software implementation should, ideally, be available via GitHub, Zenodo or an institutional repository.In addition, research papers on the impact of advanced computer architecture and special purpose computers on computing in the physical sciences and software topics related to, and of importance in, the physical sciences may be considered.