A review on optimization strategies for conventional nitrogen removal process and anammox process: Microbial community structure, functional genes and enzyme activity

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI:10.1016/j.jece.2025.116788

Nan Wang , Jiaoteng Wei , Shaoyuan Bai , Qin Zhang , Ya-nan Zhang , Mei Wang , Yijian Zhong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The performance and stability of biological nitrogen removal are intimately linked to changes in microorganisms, genes, and enzymes. In recent years, numerous studies have analyzed the nitrogen removal mechanism of biological nitrogen removal solely from the macro perspective of functional microbial community structure. However, exploring the biological nitrogen removal mechanism at the micro level and identifying measures to optimize its performance remains a challenging task. This article delves into an in-depth discussion on the functional microorganisms, key enzymes, and coding genes involved in nitrification/denitrification (N/DN), and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes. A series of optimization strategies have been summarized to improve nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE), considering microbial community structure, functional genes, and enzyme activity: (1) optimizing the competition and synergy among functional microorganisms, (2) bioaugmentation, and (3) utilizing exogenous additives. Furthermore, for the sustainable development of future biological nitrogen removal technologies, this review introduces the effects of changes in influent composition and key operating parameters on microbial community structure, functional gene expression levels, and enzyme activity during the N/DN processes and anammox process. Additionally, the challenges associated with N₂O generation, the byproduct with the highest global warming potential generated by the N/DN processes and anammox process, are also discussed. This review will contribute to deepening our understanding of the principles of biological nitrogen removal, enhancing the performance of existing biological nitrogen removal systems, and reducing N₂O emissions.

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传统脱氮工艺和厌氧氨氧化工艺优化策略综述：微生物群落结构、功能基因和酶活性

生物脱氮的性能和稳定性与微生物、基因和酶的变化密切相关。近年来，大量研究仅从功能微生物群落结构的宏观角度分析生物脱氮的脱氮机理。然而，从微观层面探索生物脱氮机理并确定优化其性能的措施仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。本文对硝化/反硝化（N/DN）和厌氧氨氧化（anammox）过程中涉及的功能微生物、关键酶和编码基因进行了深入讨论。综合考虑微生物群落结构、功能基因和酶活性等因素，总结了提高氮去除效率的优化策略：(1)优化功能微生物之间的竞争和协同作用；(2)生物增强；(3)利用外源添加剂。此外，为了未来生物脱氮技术的可持续发展，本文介绍了进水组成和关键操作参数的变化对N/DN过程和厌氧氨氧化过程中微生物群落结构、功能基因表达水平和酶活性的影响。此外，还讨论了与N2O生成相关的挑战，N2O是N/DN过程和厌氧氨氧化过程产生的具有最高全球变暖潜势的副产物。本文综述将有助于加深我们对生物脱氮原理的理解，提高现有生物脱氮系统的性能，减少N2O的排放。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

6.50%

发文量

2017

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering (JECE) serves as a platform for the dissemination of original and innovative research focusing on the advancement of environmentally-friendly, sustainable technologies. JECE emphasizes the transition towards a carbon-neutral circular economy and a self-sufficient bio-based economy. Topics covered include soil, water, wastewater, and air decontamination; pollution monitoring, prevention, and control; advanced analytics, sensors, impact and risk assessment methodologies in environmental chemical engineering; resource recovery (water, nutrients, materials, energy); industrial ecology; valorization of waste streams; waste management (including e-waste); climate-water-energy-food nexus; novel materials for environmental, chemical, and energy applications; sustainability and environmental safety; water digitalization, water data science, and machine learning; process integration and intensification; recent developments in green chemistry for synthesis, catalysis, and energy; and original research on contaminants of emerging concern, persistent chemicals, and priority substances, including microplastics, nanoplastics, nanomaterials, micropollutants, antimicrobial resistance genes, and emerging pathogens (viruses, bacteria, parasites) of environmental significance.