Comprehensive Evaluation of Androgenetic Alopecia: Demographic Characteristics, Psychosocial Impact, and the Role of Social Media in Treatment Choices

Abstract

Objective

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has a significant psychosocial impact on both genders. This study investigated AGA severity, psychosocial burden, sociodemographic factors, and the influence of social media on treatment-seeking behavior.

Methods

A total of 390 patients diagnosed with AGA at a university hospital in Turkey between January 2023 and 2024 were included. Data on disease severity, psychological impact, treatment awareness, and social media engagement were collected.

Results

The mean AGA onset age was 23.9 years in men and 29.46 years in women. Severe AGA was observed in 38.5% of men and 41% of women, with men experiencing significantly higher emotional and functional distress (p = 0.05, p = 0.003). Early-onset AGA (before age 20) was associated with increased psychological distress, including higher emotion, function, and stigma scores, along with lower self-confidence (p = 0.007, p < 0.001, p = 0.037, p < 0.001). Social media was used by 69.3% of participants for hair loss information, mainly on Google, Instagram, and TikTok, but had no significant impact on treatment choices (p = 0.971) or psychological distress (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

AGA significantly affects psychological well-being, particularly in men with severe hair loss and individuals with early-onset AGA. While social media is a primary information source, it does not influence treatment decisions or psychological distress. These findings highlight the need for evidence-based digital health communication to counter misinformation. Future research should examine the long-term psychological effects of AGA and further explore the role of social media in patient education and treatment behaviors.