Is the acid load of the diet related to esophageal cancer? A case-control study

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI:10.1016/j.nutos.2025.03.011

Omid Nikpayam , Parmis Mirzaei , Golbon Sohrab , Amirmahdi Najfi , Reza Eghdam Zamiri , Alireza Ostadrahimi

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Abstract

Background

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a prevalent type of cancer both globallyand in the northern regions of Iran. The relationship between dietary acid load (DAL) and EAC is not well established. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the association between DAL and EAC.

Methods

This case-control study involved 120 individuals with EAC as the case group and 240 individuals without a history of malignancy as the control group. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and the dietary acid load (DAL) was calculated using a valid formula. The association between DAL and EAC was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

The results of the current study indicate that, after adjusting for potential confounding factors, individuals with a higher potential renal acid load (PRAL) score in their diet have an elevated risk of developing EAC (OR: 2.3; 95%CI: 4.41–1.11; p:0.03). In contrast, there was no significant association between the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) index score and the risk of EAC (OR: 1.76; 95%CI: 0.9–3.24; p: 0.07).

Conclusion

The findings of the current study show that DAL has a direct and significant relationship with the risk of EAC.

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饮食中的酸负荷与食管癌有关吗？病例对照研究

食道腺癌（EAC）是全球和伊朗北部地区的一种常见癌症。膳食酸负荷（DAL）与EAC之间的关系尚不明确。因此，我们进行了一项研究来调查DAL和EAC之间的关系。方法120例EAC患者为病例组，240例无恶性肿瘤病史患者为对照组。采用有效的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估膳食摄入量，并采用有效公式计算膳食酸负荷（DAL）。使用多变量logistic回归分析评估DAL与EAC之间的关系。结果当前的研究结果表明，在调整了潜在的混杂因素后，饮食中潜在肾酸负荷（PRAL）评分较高的个体发生EAC的风险较高(OR: 2.3；95%置信区间:4.41—-1.11;p: 0.03)。相比之下，净内源产酸（NEAP）指数评分与EAC风险之间无显著相关性(OR: 1.76；95%置信区间:0.9—-3.24;p: 0.07)。结论本研究结果表明DAL与EAC的发生风险有直接且显著的关系。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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