Development of environmentally sustainable geopolymer-based soil solidifiers using waste siding and glass powders

IF 5.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Cleaner Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.clet.2025.100976

Shinya Inazumi , Ryo Hashimoto , Yoji Hontani , Atsuya Yoshimoto , Ken-ichi Shishido , Kuo Chieh Chao

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Abstract

This study develops an environmentally sustainable soil solidifier by utilizing Siding Cut Powder (SCP), an industrial by-product, activated with Earth Silica (ES), an innovative alkaline stimulant derived from recycled waste glass. Laboratory tests were conducted on various formulations of SCP and ES, with and without additives such as Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂). The results demonstrated that SCP activated with ES significantly enhanced the compressive strength of the soil, exceeding the 160 kN/m² threshold required for construction-grade soil. The addition of OPC and Ca(OH)₂ further improved performance, while thermal treatment of SCP at 110 °C and 200 °C reduced the required amount of solidifier without compromising strength.

Environmental assessments initially identified concerns regarding arsenic (As) leaching in SCP formulations, partially attributed to the recycled glass content in ES. However, the incorporation of Ca(OH)₂ effectively mitigated As leaching by forming stable calcium arsenate compounds, ensuring compliance with environmental standards. SEM-EDS analysis revealed the formation of silicate and aluminosilicate compounds, with calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) contributing to improved mechanical stability and durability. These findings indicate that SCP and ES provide a viable, low-carbon alternative to OPC-based solidifiers, supporting sustainable construction practices. The implications of this study include potential reductions in construction waste and carbon emissions, as well as new opportunities for recycling industrial by-products in geotechnical applications.

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利用废壁板和玻璃粉开发环境可持续的地聚合物基土壤固化剂

本研究开发了一种环境可持续的土壤固化剂，该固化剂利用工业副产品赛丁丁切粉（SCP），用土二氧化硅（ES）活化，土二氧化硅是一种创新的碱性兴奋剂，源自回收的废玻璃。对SCP和ES的各种配方进行了实验室试验，包括添加和不添加普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC）和氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)2）等添加剂。结果表明，ES活化的SCP显著提高了土的抗压强度，超过了建筑级土所需的160 kN/m2的阈值。OPC和Ca(OH)2的加入进一步提高了性能，而SCP在110°C和200°C的热处理减少了固化剂的用量，而不影响强度。环境评估最初发现了SCP配方中砷（As）浸出的问题，部分原因是ES中回收玻璃的含量。然而，Ca(OH)2的掺入通过形成稳定的砷酸钙化合物有效地减轻了As浸出，确保符合环境标准。SEM-EDS分析揭示了硅酸盐和铝硅酸盐化合物的形成，水合硅酸钙（C-S-H）有助于提高机械稳定性和耐久性。这些发现表明，SCP和ES为opc固化剂提供了一种可行的低碳替代品，支持可持续建筑实践。这项研究的意义包括可能减少建筑废物和碳排放，以及在岩土工程应用中回收工业副产品的新机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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