Electrodes Modified with N/S@Co-Doped Carbon Nanomaterials Prepared by Solution Self-Assembly for Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine

Abstract

An electrochemical sensor based on carbon nanomaterials doped with N/S and using cobalt as the metal source was proposed for the selective detection of dopamine (DA). Spherical nanostructures were efficiently and simply prepared via a solution self-assembly technique, and their electrocatalytic activity was investigated. The materials were characterized using various methods, followed by electrode modification and electrochemical experiments. The modified electrode exhibited excellent DA detection activity. Under optimal experimental conditions, the detection limit of the electrode was 4.0 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹, with a wide linear range of 3.0 × 10⁻⁷–7 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹. The sensor also exhibited excellent selectivity, stability, and reusability. This study suggests that electrodes modified by N/S doped carbon-based nanomaterials with Co as the metal source are promising for electrochemical sensor applications.