Endogenous salicylic acid contributes to cadmium tolerance in Monochoria korsakowii through upregulation of photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and chelators accumulation

IF 6.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109940

Qianqian Zheng , Lu Yang , Jianpan Xin, Chu Zhao, Yan Li, Runan Tian

{"title":"Endogenous salicylic acid contributes to cadmium tolerance in Monochoria korsakowii through upregulation of photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and chelators accumulation","authors":"Qianqian Zheng , Lu Yang , Jianpan Xin, Chu Zhao, Yan Li, Runan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109940","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) enhances plant tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress by preserving chlorophyll, stabilizing osmoprotectants, and upregulating antioxidant activity alongside the ASA-GSH system. However, the role of endogenous SA in plant tolerance to Cd stress remains poorly understood. Therefore, we cultivated <em>Monochoria korsakowii</em> hydroponically and sprayed the SA biosynthesis inhibitors (2-aminoindane-2-phosphonic acid and 1-aminobenzotriazole) in an attempt to explore the correlation between endogenous SA and other Cd tolerance mechanisms. Compared with control, 0.3 mM Cd treatment induced reductions of net photosynthetic rate (<em>Pn</em>), total chlorophyll (T Chl), catalase (CAT), and soluble protein (SP), while malondialdehyde increased. To mitigate Cd toxicity, <em>M. korsakowii</em> upregulated peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid (ASA), nonprotein thiols (NPT), phytochelatin (PC), and proline. High concentrations of SA inhibitors exacerbated Cd-induced oxidative damage and suppressed these tolerance mechanisms. Compared with T4, T6 plants exhibited marked reductions in <em>Pn</em>, T Chl, CAT, POD, SOD, GSH, GR, ASA, ascorbate peroxidase, NPT, PCs, SP, and translocation factors. Concurrently, T6 plants sprayed with SA inhibitors exhibited suppressed SA, methyl salicylate, and zeatin accumulation, contrasting with heightened jasmonic acid and abscisic acid concentrations. We propose that endogenous SA is crucial for preserving the photosynthetic apparatus, activating the antioxidant system, and promoting the accumulation of chelators and SP in <em>M. korsakowii</em> under Cd stress. Furthermore, endogenous SA may function synergistically with methyl salicylate and zeatin to regulate plant physiological responses to Cd. This study provides valuable insights into the Cd tolerance mechanisms in <em>M. korsakowii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"224 ","pages":"Article 109940"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0981942825004681","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) enhances plant tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress by preserving chlorophyll, stabilizing osmoprotectants, and upregulating antioxidant activity alongside the ASA-GSH system. However, the role of endogenous SA in plant tolerance to Cd stress remains poorly understood. Therefore, we cultivated Monochoria korsakowii hydroponically and sprayed the SA biosynthesis inhibitors (2-aminoindane-2-phosphonic acid and 1-aminobenzotriazole) in an attempt to explore the correlation between endogenous SA and other Cd tolerance mechanisms. Compared with control, 0.3 mM Cd treatment induced reductions of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), total chlorophyll (T Chl), catalase (CAT), and soluble protein (SP), while malondialdehyde increased. To mitigate Cd toxicity, M. korsakowii upregulated peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbic acid (ASA), nonprotein thiols (NPT), phytochelatin (PC), and proline. High concentrations of SA inhibitors exacerbated Cd-induced oxidative damage and suppressed these tolerance mechanisms. Compared with T4, T6 plants exhibited marked reductions in Pn, T Chl, CAT, POD, SOD, GSH, GR, ASA, ascorbate peroxidase, NPT, PCs, SP, and translocation factors. Concurrently, T6 plants sprayed with SA inhibitors exhibited suppressed SA, methyl salicylate, and zeatin accumulation, contrasting with heightened jasmonic acid and abscisic acid concentrations. We propose that endogenous SA is crucial for preserving the photosynthetic apparatus, activating the antioxidant system, and promoting the accumulation of chelators and SP in M. korsakowii under Cd stress. Furthermore, endogenous SA may function synergistically with methyl salicylate and zeatin to regulate plant physiological responses to Cd. This study provides valuable insights into the Cd tolerance mechanisms in M. korsakowii.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

内源水杨酸通过上调光合效率、抗氧化能力和螯合物积累来促进斑点单孢菌的耐镉性

外源水杨酸（SA）可通过保护叶绿素、稳定渗透保护剂和提高 ASA-GSH 系统的抗氧化活性来增强植物对镉（Cd）胁迫的耐受性。然而，人们对内源 SA 在植物耐受镉胁迫中的作用仍知之甚少。因此，我们水培并喷洒了SA生物合成抑制剂（2-氨基茚满-2-膦酸和1-氨基苯并三唑），试图探索内源SA与其他镉耐受机制之间的相关性。与对照组相比，0.3 mM Cd 处理导致净光合速率（Pn）、总叶绿素（T Chl）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和可溶性蛋白（SP）降低，丙二醛增加。为了减轻镉的毒性，M. korsakowii 提高了过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、抗坏血酸（ASA）、非蛋白质硫醇（NPT）、植物螯合素（PC）和脯氨酸的浓度。高浓度的 SA 抑制剂加剧了 Cd 诱导的氧化损伤，并抑制了这些耐受机制。与 T4 相比，T6 植物的 Pn、T Chl、CAT、POD、SOD、GSH、GR、ASA、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、NPT、PC、SP 和易位因子明显减少。同时，喷洒了 SA 抑制剂的 T6 植株表现出 SA、水杨酸甲酯和玉米素积累受到抑制，而茉莉酸和脱落酸浓度则有所提高。我们认为，在镉胁迫下，内源 SA 对保护光合装置、激活抗氧化系统以及促进螯合剂和 SP 的积累至关重要。此外，内源 SA 可能与水杨酸甲酯和玉米素协同调节植物对镉的生理反应。这项研究为了解 M. korsakowii 的镉耐受机制提供了宝贵的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

11.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

410

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes original theoretical, experimental and technical contributions in the various fields of plant physiology (biochemistry, physiology, structure, genetics, plant-microbe interactions, etc.) at diverse levels of integration (molecular, subcellular, cellular, organ, whole plant, environmental). Opinions expressed in the journal are the sole responsibility of the authors and publication does not imply the editors'' agreement. Manuscripts describing molecular-genetic and/or gene expression data that are not integrated with biochemical analysis and/or actual measurements of plant physiological processes are not suitable for PPB. Also "Omics" studies (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc.) reporting descriptive analysis without an element of functional validation assays, will not be considered. Similarly, applied agronomic or phytochemical studies that generate no new, fundamental insights in plant physiological and/or biochemical processes are not suitable for publication in PPB. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry publishes several types of articles: Reviews, Papers and Short Papers. Articles for Reviews are either invited by the editor or proposed by the authors for the editor''s prior agreement. Reviews should not exceed 40 typewritten pages and Short Papers no more than approximately 8 typewritten pages. The fundamental character of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry remains that of a journal for original results.