Fisioterapia en la calidad de vida de las mujeres posmenopáusicas

Abstract

Postmenopause is the period following menopause, where women experience a series of changes, including vasomotor symptoms, difficulty sleeping, low mood, and vaginal dryness. These are associated with a deterioration in physical, mental and sexual health, which decreases women's quality of life. Physiotherapy as a therapeutic alternative has great benefits to relieve these symptoms, so this review aims to compile the most current scientific literature to evaluate its effects on the quality of life of postmenopausal women. A bibliographic search was carried out during the month of December 2023 in the PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and PEDro databases. The descriptors «Physical Therapy Modalities», «Menopause», «Climacteric» and «Quality of Life» were used. Randomized clinical trials that were published in the last 6 years in English or Spanish were included. After applying the eligibility criteria, 9 results were obtained. The chosen studies developed different physiotherapy interventions, including different exercise programs, yoga or Pilates sessions, craniofacial massage and even psycho-educational programs. In all of them, the main variable analyzed was quality of life. The different modalities of physical therapy seem to improve symptoms and, therefore, the quality of life of women in the postmenopausal stage.