Green human capital and organizational performance: The role of employee environmental awareness and sustainable innovation in achieving organizational sustainability

Abstract

This research investigates the intricate relationships among Green Human Capital (GHC), Employee Environmental Awareness (EEA), sustainable innovation, organizational performance, and organizational sustainability within the unique context of Indonesian organizations. The study aims to uncover the mediating roles of EEA and organizational performance in shaping the impacts of GHC and sustainable innovation on organizational outcomes. Employing a quantitative design, self-reported data were collected from diverse industries. Findings reveal positive correlations between GHC, EEA, sustainable innovation, organizational performance, and organizational sustainability. Notably, EEA mediates the relationship between GHC and organizational performance, while organizational performance mediates the linkages between GHC, EEA, sustainable innovation, and organizational sustainability. The study contributes theoretically by enriching existing frameworks and empirically by offering actionable insights for organizations seeking to enhance both performance and sustainability. This study provides a foundation for understanding organizational dynamics in Indonesia, informing future research directions and practical interventions for sustainable and performance-driven organizational practices.