Interaction of non-biodegradable particles and granular sludge in Nereda®—— from nanoparticles to microparticles

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123698

Zhaoxu Peng , Antonella L. Piaggio , Guilherme Lelis Giglio , Sara Toja Ortega , Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht , Merle K. de Kreuk

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Abstract

>50 % of the organic matter in sewage consist of particulate chemical oxygen demand (pCOD). This study used 250 μm fluorescent microbeads, 130±58 μm microparticles and 100 nm nanobeads to simulate sewage particles, and investigated the fate of these particles under both plug flow feeding and aeration phases in an aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system. Filtration performance was dominantly influenced by the particle size rather than the upflow velocity (V_upflow). The microbeads exhibited 95±3 % filtration efficiency with obvious accumulation around the AGS bed bottom, even as slight fluidization started at the V_upflow of 5.0 m·h^-1. In contrast, the nanobeads filtration efficiency was significantly lower (43±6 %). During the aeration phase, the attachment efficiency increased with the decrease of particle size. The microbeads attachment efficiency variated between 39–49 %, whereas the microparticles and nanobeads achieved better attachment of 89.4–95.2 % and 98.8–99.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, aeration batch tests showed both nanobeads and the irregular microparticles attachment by AGS was strong, and the detach-attach of nanobeads/microparticles between different sized AGS was very limited duration aeration. This work provides insight into the fate of particles in AGS system. The optimal sludge treatment was also evaluated in the scope of this removal of non-biodegradable, and potentially harmful particles.

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Nereda®中不可生物降解颗粒和颗粒污泥的相互作用-从纳米颗粒到微粒

污水中超过 50% 的有机物由颗粒化学需氧量 (pCOD) 构成。本研究使用 250 μm 荧光微珠、130±58 μm 微颗粒和 100 nm 纳米微珠模拟污水颗粒，并研究了这些颗粒在好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）系统中塞流进料和曝气阶段的去向。过滤性能主要受颗粒大小而非上流速度（Vupflow）的影响。微珠的过滤效率为 95±3 %，在 AGS 床底周围有明显的堆积，即使在 Vupflow 为 5.0 m-h-1 时也开始出现轻微的流化。相比之下，纳米珠的过滤效率明显较低（43±6 %）。在曝气阶段，附着效率随着粒径的减小而提高。微珠的附着效率介于 39-49 % 之间，而微粒和纳米珠的附着效率更高，分别达到 89.4-95.2 % 和 98.8-99.3 %。此外，曝气批次试验表明，纳米磁珠和不规则微粒在 AGS 上的附着力都很强，不同大小的 AGS 之间的纳米磁珠/微粒脱离附着力在曝气时间内非常有限。这项研究有助于深入了解颗粒在 AGS 系统中的归宿。在去除不可生物降解和潜在有害颗粒的范围内，还评估了最佳污泥处理方法。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.