Urinary Cystatin C, Glucose, Urea, and Electrolytes in Dogs at Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI:10.1111/jvim.70090

Anna K. Selin, Inger Lilliehöök, Emma M. Strage, Anders Larsson, Lena Pelander

{"title":"Urinary Cystatin C, Glucose, Urea, and Electrolytes in Dogs at Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Anna K. Selin, Inger Lilliehöök, Emma M. Strage, Anders Larsson, Lena Pelander","doi":"10.1111/jvim.70090","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>There is limited knowledge of urine analytes in different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objectives</h3>\n \n <p>To study markers in urine and fractional excretion (FE) of markers in dogs of different stages of CKD and a healthy control group (C).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Animals</h3>\n \n <p>Fifty dogs in various stages of CKD and a control group of 30 healthy dogs.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>In this cross-sectional observational study, dogs presenting to a referral hospital and given a diagnosis of CKD using standard methods, and healthy dogs, were included. Urinary cystatin C (uCysC), glucose (uGlu), protein (uProt), creatinine (uCr), urea (uUrea), sodium (uNa), potassium (uK), chloride (uCl), calcium (uCa), and phosphate (uP) were measured with an automated chemistry analyzer. Included analytes were normalized to uCr, FE of electrolytes and urea was calculated, and results compared among groups.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Age, bodyweight, and sex were not different among groups. Urinary CysC/uCr and FE of electrolytes increased with IRIS stage. Median (IQR) for uCysC/uCr was 0.08 (0.04–0.25) 10<sup>−3</sup> in dogs with CKD stage 1 and 0.03 (0.02–0.045) 10<sup>−3</sup> in control dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.0002).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion and Clinical Importance</h3>\n \n <p>Urinary CysC might be a potential marker of early CKD, preferably as part of a panel of urinary markers. FE of electrolytes seemed to depend on the serum creatinine level in dogs with azotemic CKD.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":49958,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.70090","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.70090","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

There is limited knowledge of urine analytes in different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs.

Objectives

To study markers in urine and fractional excretion (FE) of markers in dogs of different stages of CKD and a healthy control group (C).

Animals

Fifty dogs in various stages of CKD and a control group of 30 healthy dogs.

Methods

In this cross-sectional observational study, dogs presenting to a referral hospital and given a diagnosis of CKD using standard methods, and healthy dogs, were included. Urinary cystatin C (uCysC), glucose (uGlu), protein (uProt), creatinine (uCr), urea (uUrea), sodium (uNa), potassium (uK), chloride (uCl), calcium (uCa), and phosphate (uP) were measured with an automated chemistry analyzer. Included analytes were normalized to uCr, FE of electrolytes and urea was calculated, and results compared among groups.

Results

Age, bodyweight, and sex were not different among groups. Urinary CysC/uCr and FE of electrolytes increased with IRIS stage. Median (IQR) for uCysC/uCr was 0.08 (0.04–0.25) 10⁻³ in dogs with CKD stage 1 and 0.03 (0.02–0.045) 10⁻³ in control dogs (p = 0.0002).

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

Urinary CysC might be a potential marker of early CKD, preferably as part of a panel of urinary markers. FE of electrolytes seemed to depend on the serum creatinine level in dogs with azotemic CKD.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

尿胱抑素C、葡萄糖、尿素和电解质在狗在不同阶段的慢性肾病

关于犬慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）不同阶段尿液分析的知识有限。目的研究不同阶段CKD犬和健康对照组(C)尿液中标志物和部分排泄（FE）标志物的含量。动物50只不同阶段CKD犬和30只健康犬作为对照组。方法在这项横断面观察性研究中，采用标准方法就诊于转诊医院并被诊断为CKD的狗和健康狗被纳入研究对象。采用全自动化学分析仪测定尿胱抑素C （uCysC）、葡萄糖（uGlu）、蛋白质（uProt）、肌酐（uCr）、尿素（uUrea）、钠（uNa）、钾（uK）、氯（uCl）、钙（uCa）、磷酸盐（uP）。纳入的分析物归一化为uCr，计算电解质和尿素的FE，并比较各组结果。结果各组患者年龄、体重、性别无明显差异。尿液cyc /uCr、电解质FE随IRIS分期升高。CKD 1期犬uCysC/uCr的中位数（IQR）为0.08(0.04-0.25)10−3，对照组犬为0.03(0.02-0.045)10−3 （p = 0.0002）。结论和临床意义尿CysC可能是早期CKD的潜在标志物，最好作为尿标志物的一部分。在患有azotic CKD的狗中，电解质的FE似乎依赖于血清肌酐水平。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.