PDMS-encapsulated liquid metal-MXene aerogels for resilient electromagnetic wave absorption in harsh environments

IF 9.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI:10.1007/s12598-024-03037-5

Yun-Long Li, Jia-Cheng Liu, De-Shun Li, Meng-Meng Fu, A-Ming Xie, Wei-Jin Li, Hao Liang, Ying-Guo Li, Xiao Chen, Chao Yu

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Abstract

This study serves as a guide to the development of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-encapsulated liquid metal-MXene aerogel, which has proven to be highly effective for electromagnetic wave absorption, particularly in saline environments. Through directional freezing and casting techniques, we have optimized the sample to exhibit enhanced absorption properties, achieving a reflection loss peak of −63.10 dB at 14.36 GHz. Variations in liquid metal content were found to significantly impact the complex permittivity of the aerogel, resulting in decreases observed in both real and imaginary components. This underscores the crucial role of conductivity in electromagnetic wave damping. Simultaneously, increases in tangent loss and attenuation constant highlight the vital contribution of MXene towards dissipating electromagnetic energy. Our best sample exhibits enhanced mechanical robustness, as evidenced by a high tensile modulus of 1 MPa. Notably, this exceptional performance is sustained for an extended period of 4 weeks even under harsh conditions such as high temperature, acid mist exposure, alkaline exposure, and immersion in synthetic seawater. By testing the thermal camouflage performance, samples achieved processable and efficient camouflage performance at multiple temperatures. This comprehensive dataset confirms the adaptability of the PDMS-encapsulated liquid metal-MXene aerogel as an effective solution for electromagnetic wave absorption in challenging environmental scenarios.

Graphical Abstract

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pdms封装液态金属- mxene气凝胶，用于在恶劣环境中弹性电磁波吸收

这项研究为开发聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）包裹的液态金属-MXene 气凝胶提供了指导，事实证明这种气凝胶对电磁波吸收非常有效，尤其是在盐水环境中。通过定向冷冻和浇铸技术，我们对样品进行了优化，使其具有更强的吸收特性，在 14.36 GHz 时的反射损耗峰值达到了 -63.10 dB。研究发现，液态金属含量的变化会显著影响气凝胶的复介电常数，从而导致实部和虚部的下降。这凸显了电导率在电磁波阻尼中的关键作用。同时，正切损耗和衰减常数的增加也突出了 MXene 在耗散电磁能方面的重要作用。我们的最佳样品具有更强的机械坚固性，1 兆帕的高拉伸模量就是证明。值得注意的是，即使在高温、酸雾暴露、碱性暴露和合成海水浸泡等恶劣条件下，这种优异的性能也能保持 4 周之久。通过测试热伪装性能，样品在多种温度下都实现了可加工的高效伪装性能。这一全面的数据集证实了 PDMS 封装液态金属-MXene 气凝胶的适应性，它是在具有挑战性的环境中吸收电磁波的有效解决方案。图文摘要

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Rare Metals 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

2919

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Rare Metals is a monthly peer-reviewed journal published by the Nonferrous Metals Society of China. It serves as a platform for engineers and scientists to communicate and disseminate original research articles in the field of rare metals. The journal focuses on a wide range of topics including metallurgy, processing, and determination of rare metals. Additionally, it showcases the application of rare metals in advanced materials such as superconductors, semiconductors, composites, and ceramics.