{"title":"History of the concept of nuclear shape","authors":"David Verney","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01545-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of the nuclear shape concept, a cornerstone in nuclear physics. Tracing its historical development from the early 20th century, we highlight key milestones and paradigm shifts that have shaped our understanding. The review explores the transition from the initial spherical model to the introduction of nuclear deformation, emphasizing the contributions of the liquid drop model and the unified model. The pivotal role of nuclear shapes in elucidating various nuclear phenomena and their profound impact on both theoretical and experimental nuclear physics are discussed in depth. The article underscores the relevance of nuclear shape in contemporary physics, particularly in light of groundbreaking findings from ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. These recent results illustrate the enduring significance of nuclear shape in advancing our comprehension of nuclear structure and reactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01545-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The European Physical Journal A","FirstCategoryId":"4","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01545-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHYSICS, NUCLEAR","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of the nuclear shape concept, a cornerstone in nuclear physics. Tracing its historical development from the early 20th century, we highlight key milestones and paradigm shifts that have shaped our understanding. The review explores the transition from the initial spherical model to the introduction of nuclear deformation, emphasizing the contributions of the liquid drop model and the unified model. The pivotal role of nuclear shapes in elucidating various nuclear phenomena and their profound impact on both theoretical and experimental nuclear physics are discussed in depth. The article underscores the relevance of nuclear shape in contemporary physics, particularly in light of groundbreaking findings from ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. These recent results illustrate the enduring significance of nuclear shape in advancing our comprehension of nuclear structure and reactions.
期刊介绍:
Hadron Physics
Hadron Structure
Hadron Spectroscopy
Hadronic and Electroweak Interactions of Hadrons
Nonperturbative Approaches to QCD
Phenomenological Approaches to Hadron Physics
Nuclear and Quark Matter
Heavy-Ion Collisions
Phase Diagram of the Strong Interaction
Hard Probes
Quark-Gluon Plasma and Hadronic Matter
Relativistic Transport and Hydrodynamics
Compact Stars
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Structure and Reactions
Few-Body Systems
Radioactive Beams
Electroweak Interactions
Nuclear Astrophysics
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