Enhancing environmental benefits through recycling glass to improve soil properties and concrete

Abstract

As the construction industry shifts towards sustainability, recycled glass is emerging as a promising alternative material for improving soil properties and enhancing concrete performance. This review synthesizes findings from 15 recent case studies, demonstrating that the integration of recycled glass in construction materials not only reduces landfill waste and conserves natural resources but also enhances structural and environmental performance. By incorporating 20 % recycled glass as a replacement for traditional aggregates in concrete, compressive strength can increase by up to 15 %, while carbon emissions are reduced by approximately 30 %. The use of finely ground glass powder as a supplementary cementitious material contributes to improved durability and chemical resistance, reducing the risk of alkali-silica reaction. In geotechnical applications, recycled glass has shown significant potential in soil stabilization, enhancing load-bearing capacity, reducing permeability, and improving resilience to environmental stressors. Laboratory studies indicate that soil mixed with 10–30 % glass particles exhibits improved shear strength and reduced settlement, making it a viable alternative for sustainable road construction and foundation materials. The review also provides a comparative analysis of different glass processing methods, including particle size variation and surface treatment, and their effects on the mechanical and chemical properties of both concrete and soil. Beyond environmental advantages, the economic benefits of recycled glass integration are substantial. The use of locally sourced recycled glass reduces material costs, lowers transportation emissions, and supports job creation in the recycling and construction industries. By promoting circular economy principles, reducing energy consumption, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, the adoption of recycled glass presents a viable pathway toward a more resilient and eco-friendlier built environment. This review highlights the need for further research and policy support to maximize the potential of recycled glass in sustainable construction.