Precision management of Cd-contaminated paddy fields with high geochemical backgrounds in karst regions: integrating Bayesian decision tree and spatial zoning

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126282

Zhenyi Jia , Shenglu Zhou , Xuefeng Xie , Mingxing Xu , Qiuping Luo , Ting Zhu , Shaohua Wu

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy fields with high geochemical backgrounds in karst regions poses significant challenges. This study aims to explore practical technologies applicable to different risk causal zones throughout karstic Cd-polluted paddy fields, by integrating a Bayesian decision tree-based risk warning model with spatial zoning. In the study area, 92.1 % of soil and 30.1 % of rice samples exceeded Cd limits, yet the synergy between elevated Cd levels in soil and rice was weak. The model achieved an accuracy of 93.4 % in predicting Cd risk in rice and generated 13 risk classification rules for evaluating Cd risk levels in paddy fields. Notably, the identified risk zones were primarily concentrated in areas with relatively low total Cd concentrations in the soil. Regional management framework, including passivation techniques, phytoremediation, agronomic regulation, was proposed according to 7 causal rules across the fields. Each zone was associated with a customized method for rice safe production, subsequently developing a spatially precise, differentiated solution. This study offers new insights into managing Cd-contaminated paddy fields in karst regions.

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喀斯特地区高地球化学背景镉污染稻田的精准管理：贝叶斯决策树与空间区划相结合

喀斯特地区高地球化学背景稻田的镉污染是一个重大挑战。本研究旨在通过将贝叶斯决策树风险预警模型与空间区划相结合，探索适用于岩溶镉污染稻田不同风险因果区的实用技术。研究区92.1%的土壤和30.1%的水稻样品Cd超标，但土壤和水稻Cd超标的协同效应较弱。该模型对水稻Cd风险的预测准确率达到93.4%，并生成了13条评估稻田Cd风险等级的风险分类规则。值得注意的是，确定的危险区主要集中在土壤中总镉浓度相对较低的地区。根据7个区域因果规律，提出了包括钝化技术、植物修复、农艺调控在内的区域管理框架。每个区域都与定制的水稻安全生产方法相关联，随后开发出空间精确的差异化解决方案。该研究为喀斯特地区镉污染稻田的治理提供了新的思路。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.