Evaluation of diabetes mellitus medication-taking behavior among first- and second-generation Australians of Chinese heritage: A nationwide cross-sectional study

IF 1.8 Q3 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI:10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100600

Olumuyiwa Omonaiye , Alemayehu Mekonnen , Christopher Gilfillan , Rosemary Wong , Bodil Rasmussen , Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott , Kevin Mc Namara , Elizabeth Manias , Jerry Lai , Julie Considine

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Abstract

Aim

To investigate the association of health literacy, illness perceptions, and beliefs about medications on medication-taking behavior among first- and second-generation Australians of Chinese heritage living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Method

A nationwide cross-sectional online survey of (N = 455) of whom 196 responded, was conducted among adults (≥18 years) with T2DM of Chinese heritage residing in Australia. Participants were recruited via direct invitation (national registry and specialist clinic). Data collection utilized four validated questionnaires: The Brief Medication Questionnaire, Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire Specific (BMQ-Specific), Brief Illness Perception 9 Questionnaire (BIPQ), and a 12-item short-form health literacy (HL) questionnaire (HLS-SF12). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore the factors associated with medication-taking.

Results

Overall, 27 % of participants reported missing diabetes medication(s) in the past week, with access barriers most cited (38 %), followed by belief (27 %) and recall (24 %) barriers. Median scores for health literacy, illness perception and beliefs about medications showed problems with health literacy (General Health Literacy Index, median [IQR] =31.94 [26.39ꟷ38.89], a moderate threat to illness perception (BIPQ:= 38.56 ± 10.52) and higher perceived necessity of taking diabetes medications relative to concern (BMQ-Specific Necessity: = 3.80 [3.204.20]; BMQ-Specific Concern: = 3.00 [2.503.67]). Better medication-taking was seen in people with high necessity beliefs and with low concerns in the use of medications. Health literacy and illness perceptions were not significantly associated with medication-taking behavior.

Conclusion

Medication beliefs play a role in sub-optimal medication-taking behavior among Chinese adults with T2DM. Increased attention needs to be placed on examining and enhancing understanding of diabetes medications while addressing concerns among individuals of Chinese backgrounds to better understand the complexities of medication-taking behavior. Culturally relevant clinical discussion and structured diabetes education may support the development of health promoting medication beliefs potentially supporting optimal medication-taking behavior.

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第一代和第二代华裔澳大利亚人糖尿病服药行为的评估：一项全国性的横断面研究

目的探讨1、2代华裔2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者健康素养、疾病认知和用药信念与用药行为的关系。方法对居住在澳大利亚的华裔2型糖尿病成人（≥18岁）进行全国性横断面在线调查（N = 455），其中196人回应。参与者通过直接邀请（国家登记处和专科诊所）招募。数据收集使用了四份有效问卷：简短用药问卷、药物信念问卷（BMQ-Specific）、简短疾病感知问卷（BIPQ）和12项简短健康素养问卷（HLS-SF12）。采用双因素和多因素分析探讨与服药相关的因素。结果总体而言，27%的参与者报告在过去一周内遗漏了糖尿病药物，其中获得障碍最多（38%），其次是信念障碍（27%）和回忆障碍（24%）。健康素养、疾病感知和药物信念的中位数得分显示健康素养存在问题（一般健康素养指数，中位数[IQR] =31.94[26.39ꟷ38.89]），对疾病感知存在中度威胁（BIPQ:= 38.56±10.52），对服用糖尿病药物必要性的感知相对于担忧较高（BMQ-Specific necessity:= 3.80 [3.204.20]）；BMQ-Specific Concern: = 3.00[2.503.67])。在那些对药物使用有高度必要性信念和低关注度的人身上，可以看到更好的药物服用。健康素养和疾病认知与服药行为无显著相关。结论用药信念在我国成年T2DM患者次优服药行为中起一定作用。需要更多地关注检查和提高对糖尿病药物的理解，同时解决中国背景个体的担忧，以更好地了解服药行为的复杂性。与文化相关的临床讨论和结构化的糖尿病教育可能支持促进健康的药物信念的发展，潜在地支持最佳服药行为。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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