Enhanced microextraction kinetics: Sorptive-dispersive vs. conventional techniques on rotating disks

IF 5.7 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Analytica Chimica Acta Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2025.344105

Nicolás Morales , Alejandra Molina-Balmaceda , Daniel Arismendi , Alberto Chisvert , Pablo Richter

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Abstract

Background

A new approach based on Stir Bar Sorptive Dispersive Microextraction (SBSDME), termed Rotating Disk Sorptive Dispersive Extraction (RDSDE), was developed to confirm and quantify the kinetic advantages of sorbent-based dispersive techniques compared to their non-dispersive counterparts. Among non-dispersive techniques, Rotating Disk Sorptive Extraction (RDSE) allows for a direct comparison with its dispersive counterpart, as the sorbent phase in RDSE can be confined within the disk cavity using the exact same amount as in the dispersive mode. This comparison is not feasible in stir bar sorptive extraction.

Results

The advantages of RDSE combined with the dispersion of magnetic sorbent materials were explored using RDSDE technology. Magnetic activated carbon (MAC) derived from avocado seeds was used as the sorbent, with triclosan (TCS), bisphenol A (BPA), ibuprofen (IBU), and 1-hydroxy-ibuprofen (1-OH-IBU) as representative analytes. The RDSDE method was optimized for efficiency and speed. Optimal conditions were: 10 mg of MAC, 20 min extraction at pH 2, acetone as desorption solvent and 10 min desorption. These parameters provided the best analytical response with minimal time and resource use. The method was then validated, and a kinetic comparison was performed. The results demonstrated that RDSDE reaches extraction equilibrium in approximately 20 min, significantly faster than RDSE. The initial extraction velocities were between 12 times higher for BPA and 43 times higher for IBU in the dispersive mode.

Significance

The kinetic comparison clearly shows that RDSDE is a more efficient extraction technique due to its rapid extraction equilibrium. The dispersive mechanism plays a crucial role in accelerating analyte extraction, as evidenced by the steeper extraction profiles of RDSDE compared to RDSE. Importantly, this study presents the first direct kinetic comparison between RDSDE and conventional RDSE, highlighting the novelty of the approach. This underscores the potential of RDSDE as a faster and more efficient method for extracting target compounds from aqueous samples, offering significant advantages in analytical performance and operational efficiency.

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增强微萃取动力学：旋转盘上的吸附-分散技术与传统技术的比较

基于搅拌棒吸附分散微萃取（SBSDME）的一种新方法，称为旋转圆盘吸附分散萃取（RDSDE），旨在确认和量化基于吸附剂的分散技术与非分散技术相比的动力学优势。在非色散技术中，旋转盘吸附萃取（RDSE）可以直接与色散相比较，因为RDSE中的吸附剂相可以被限制在磁盘腔内，使用与色散模式完全相同的量。这种比较在搅拌棒吸附萃取中是不可行的。结果利用RDSDE技术探索了rdsse与磁性吸附剂分散性相结合的优点。以牛油果籽为原料的磁性活性炭（MAC）为吸附剂，以三氯生（TCS）、双酚A （BPA）、布洛芬（IBU）和1-羟基布洛芬（1-OH-IBU）为代表性分析物。对RDSDE法进行了效率和速度优化。最佳条件为：MAC 10 mg，在pH 2条件下提取20 min，丙酮为解吸溶剂，解吸10 min。这些参数以最小的时间和资源使用提供了最佳的分析响应。然后对该方法进行了验证，并进行了动力学比较。结果表明，RDSDE在约20分钟内达到提取平衡，显著快于RDSE。在分散模式下，BPA和IBU的初始萃取速度分别提高了12倍和43倍。意义动力学比较表明，RDSDE萃取平衡快速，是一种高效的萃取技术。与RDSE相比，RDSDE的萃取曲线更陡，这证明了弥散机制在加速分析物萃取中起着至关重要的作用。重要的是，这项研究首次提出了RDSDE和传统RDSE之间的直接动力学比较，突出了该方法的新颖性。这凸显了RDSDE作为一种更快、更有效的从水样中提取目标化合物的方法的潜力，在分析性能和操作效率方面具有显著优势。

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来源期刊

Analytica Chimica Acta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

6.50%

发文量

1081

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Analytica Chimica Acta has an open access mirror journal Analytica Chimica Acta: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Analytica Chimica Acta provides a forum for the rapid publication of original research, and critical, comprehensive reviews dealing with all aspects of fundamental and applied modern analytical chemistry. The journal welcomes the submission of research papers which report studies concerning the development of new and significant analytical methodologies. In determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication, particular scrutiny will be placed on the degree of novelty and impact of the research and the extent to which it adds to the existing body of knowledge in analytical chemistry.