Impacts of organic antioxidant additive on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with hydrogen-biodiesel blends in dual-fuel mode

IF 8.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.026

Swarup Kumar Nayak , Purna Chandra Mishra , Sonil Nanda , Yuvarajan Devarajan

{"title":"Impacts of organic antioxidant additive on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with hydrogen-biodiesel blends in dual-fuel mode","authors":"Swarup Kumar Nayak , Purna Chandra Mishra , Sonil Nanda , Yuvarajan Devarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.026","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research intends to examine the effect of an organic antioxidant (p-phenylenediamine) addition upon the performance of hydrogen-infused biofuel (Azolla pinnata) in diesel-powered vehicles operated in dual-fuel modes. This study introduced hydrogen through the inlet manifold, while biodiesel produced from A.pinnatawas delivered into the combustion chamber. The primary objective related to the investigation seeks to examine the issues of oxidative stability within biodiesel mixes along with the accompanying trade-offs between engine efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG13 (Climate Action). In the current investigation, all tests were carried out on a single-cylinder, four-stroke turbocharged direct injection diesel engine fuelled with and without including an organic antioxidant into biodiesel-diesel injected fuel with induced hydrogen-air gaseous fuel blends. This research demonstrates how an organic antioxidant addition can be utilized to overcome the oxidative stability constraints within biodiesel, increasing the feasibility of hydrogen-biodiesel dual-fuel systems for energy-efficient applications. The experimental approach involves the utilization of three testing fuel specimens: diesel, APBD20, and APBD20+H2 at varying flow rates of 10 L/min, 12 L/min, 14 L/min, 16 L/min, 18 L/min, and 20 L/min. Crucial performance parameters including brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) have been investigated. Different greenhouse gas emissions, including oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (UBHC), and smoke opacity have been evaluated across all loading circumstances. According to the outcomes, APBD20+H2(18 L/min) as well as APBD20+H2 (20 L/min) mixtures demonstrate more substantial BTE improvements of 34.5 % and 34.2 %, respectively, compared to the traditional combustion engine, aligning with SDG 7's target of increasing energy efficiency. At full load, CO and UBHC emissions are less for APBD20+H2(18L/min) as well as APBD20+H2(20 L/min) compared to other combinations, while NOx emissions are 32.16 % and 36.75 % more than diesel fuel, correspondingly. To reduce NOx emissions, a 1000 ppm organic antioxidant additive p-phenylenediamine (PPDA) was introduced within APBD20+H2(18 L/min). It was discovered that APBD20+H2(18 L/min) using PPDA has a 9.57 % increased BTE compared to APBD20+H2(18 L/min) only, alongside the amount of NOx emitted for APBD20+H2(18 L/min) using additive is 1367 ppm, that is8.12 % less than APBD20+H2(18 L/min) blend. Hence, APBD20+H2(18L/min) with additive outperformed all other experimental combinations, demonstrating a pathway for SDG 13 through reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved fuel performance for cleaner energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"127 ","pages":"Pages 930-944"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319925005920","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The present research intends to examine the effect of an organic antioxidant (p-phenylenediamine) addition upon the performance of hydrogen-infused biofuel (Azolla pinnata) in diesel-powered vehicles operated in dual-fuel modes. This study introduced hydrogen through the inlet manifold, while biodiesel produced from A.pinnatawas delivered into the combustion chamber. The primary objective related to the investigation seeks to examine the issues of oxidative stability within biodiesel mixes along with the accompanying trade-offs between engine efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG13 (Climate Action). In the current investigation, all tests were carried out on a single-cylinder, four-stroke turbocharged direct injection diesel engine fuelled with and without including an organic antioxidant into biodiesel-diesel injected fuel with induced hydrogen-air gaseous fuel blends. This research demonstrates how an organic antioxidant addition can be utilized to overcome the oxidative stability constraints within biodiesel, increasing the feasibility of hydrogen-biodiesel dual-fuel systems for energy-efficient applications. The experimental approach involves the utilization of three testing fuel specimens: diesel, APBD20, and APBD20+H₂ at varying flow rates of 10 L/min, 12 L/min, 14 L/min, 16 L/min, 18 L/min, and 20 L/min. Crucial performance parameters including brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) have been investigated. Different greenhouse gas emissions, including oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), unburnt hydrocarbon (UBHC), and smoke opacity have been evaluated across all loading circumstances. According to the outcomes, APBD20+H₂(18 L/min) as well as APBD20+H₂ (20 L/min) mixtures demonstrate more substantial BTE improvements of 34.5 % and 34.2 %, respectively, compared to the traditional combustion engine, aligning with SDG 7's target of increasing energy efficiency. At full load, CO and UBHC emissions are less for APBD20+H₂(18L/min) as well as APBD20+H₂(20 L/min) compared to other combinations, while NOx emissions are 32.16 % and 36.75 % more than diesel fuel, correspondingly. To reduce NOx emissions, a 1000 ppm organic antioxidant additive p-phenylenediamine (PPDA) was introduced within APBD20+H₂(18 L/min). It was discovered that APBD20+H₂(18 L/min) using PPDA has a 9.57 % increased BTE compared to APBD20+H₂(18 L/min) only, alongside the amount of NO_x emitted for APBD20+H₂(18 L/min) using additive is 1367 ppm, that is8.12 % less than APBD20+H₂(18 L/min) blend. Hence, APBD20+H₂(18L/min) with additive outperformed all other experimental combinations, demonstrating a pathway for SDG 13 through reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved fuel performance for cleaner energy systems.

查看原文本刊更多论文

有机抗氧化添加剂对双燃料模式下氢-生物柴油混合燃料柴油机性能和排放特性的影响

本研究旨在研究添加有机抗氧化剂（对苯二胺）对双燃料模式下柴油动力车辆中氢注入生物燃料（Azolla pinnata）性能的影响。在这项研究中，氢气通过进气歧管进入发动机，而产自白腹草的生物柴油则被送入燃烧室。与调查相关的主要目标是研究生物柴油混合物中的氧化稳定性问题，以及随之而来的发动机效率和温室气体排放之间的权衡，为联合国可持续发展目标（sdg）做出贡献，特别是SDG7（负担得起的清洁能源）和SDG13（气候行动）。在目前的研究中，所有的测试都是在一台单缸、四冲程涡轮增压直喷柴油发动机上进行的，在生物柴油-柴油喷射燃料中加入或不加入有机抗氧化剂，并加入诱导氢-空气气体燃料混合物。本研究展示了如何利用有机抗氧化剂添加来克服生物柴油中的氧化稳定性限制，提高氢-生物柴油双燃料系统节能应用的可行性。实验方法包括使用三种测试燃料样品：柴油、APBD20和APBD20+H2，分别在10 L/min、12 L/min、14 L/min、16 L/min、18 L/min和20 L/min的不同流量下进行。对制动热效率（BTE）和制动比油耗（BSFC）等关键性能参数进行了研究。不同的温室气体排放，包括氮氧化物（NOx）、一氧化碳（CO）、未燃烧碳氢化合物（UBHC）和烟雾不透明度，已经在所有负载情况下进行了评估。结果显示，与传统内燃机相比，APBD20+H2（18 L/min）和APBD20+H2（20 L/min）混合物的BTE分别提高了34.5%和34.2%，符合可持续发展目标7提高能效的目标。满载时，与其他组合相比，APBD20+H2（18L/min）和APBD20+H2（20 L/min）的CO和UBHC排放量较少，NOx排放量分别比柴油多32.16%和36.75%。为了减少NOx排放，在APBD20+H2（18 L/min）中加入1000 ppm的有机抗氧化添加剂对苯二胺（PPDA）。研究发现，与APBD20+H2（18 L/min）相比，使用PPDA的APBD20+H2（18 L/min）的BTE增加了9.57%，而使用添加剂的APBD20+H2（18 L/min）的NOx排放量为1367 ppm，比APBD20+H2（18 L/min）的混合物减少了8.12%。因此，添加添加剂的APBD20+H2（18L/min）表现优于所有其他实验组合，证明了通过减少温室气体排放和提高清洁能源系统的燃料性能来实现可持续发展目标13的途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 工程技术-环境科学

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

25.00%

发文量

3502

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： The objective of the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy is to facilitate the exchange of new ideas, technological advancements, and research findings in the field of Hydrogen Energy among scientists and engineers worldwide. This journal showcases original research, both analytical and experimental, covering various aspects of Hydrogen Energy. These include production, storage, transmission, utilization, enabling technologies, environmental impact, economic considerations, and global perspectives on hydrogen and its carriers such as NH3, CH4, alcohols, etc. The utilization aspect encompasses various methods such as thermochemical (combustion), photochemical, electrochemical (fuel cells), and nuclear conversion of hydrogen, hydrogen isotopes, and hydrogen carriers into thermal, mechanical, and electrical energies. The applications of these energies can be found in transportation (including aerospace), industrial, commercial, and residential sectors.