Jinghui Luo , Shicheng Xin , Yunxin Huang , Qiuming Hu , Jinggang Wang , Changjian Zhang
{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of environmental influence of heat emission from lake water heat pump","authors":"Jinghui Luo , Shicheng Xin , Yunxin Huang , Qiuming Hu , Jinggang Wang , Changjian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.03.027","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of global warming and the energy crisis, Lake Water Heat Pumps (LWHP) show significant advantages in sustainable energy but raise concerns about thermal pollution affecting aquatic ecosystems and system efficiency. This study uses China's <em>Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water</em> to establish thermal balance through the water surface temperature method. It examines LWHP discharge impacts on lake water temperature and defines a thermal pollution rate based on the lake's thermal load capacity. Using the Nanjing LWHP project as a case study, lake water temperature was measured, and thermal load capacity was analyzed to calculate thermal pollution rates for the coldest and hottest weeks. Results show a vertical temperature gradient in the lake affects refrigerant cooling efficiency and COP variation. The thermal load capacity of the lake is higher in winter than in summer. During the hottest week, the maximum thermal pollution rate for the Nanjing LWHP system is 0.58, and during the coldest week, it is 0.38, neither causing thermal pollution. This study is significant for the rational use of LWHP systems, aquatic ecosystem protection, and sustainable energy technology advancement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 288-298"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700725001197","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In the context of global warming and the energy crisis, Lake Water Heat Pumps (LWHP) show significant advantages in sustainable energy but raise concerns about thermal pollution affecting aquatic ecosystems and system efficiency. This study uses China's Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water to establish thermal balance through the water surface temperature method. It examines LWHP discharge impacts on lake water temperature and defines a thermal pollution rate based on the lake's thermal load capacity. Using the Nanjing LWHP project as a case study, lake water temperature was measured, and thermal load capacity was analyzed to calculate thermal pollution rates for the coldest and hottest weeks. Results show a vertical temperature gradient in the lake affects refrigerant cooling efficiency and COP variation. The thermal load capacity of the lake is higher in winter than in summer. During the hottest week, the maximum thermal pollution rate for the Nanjing LWHP system is 0.58, and during the coldest week, it is 0.38, neither causing thermal pollution. This study is significant for the rational use of LWHP systems, aquatic ecosystem protection, and sustainable energy technology advancement.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling.
As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews.
Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.